Table 4.
Nonparametric tests of outcome data of pressure pain thresholds.
| Variable | Groups | Median (interquartile range) Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) |
Friedman ANOVA |
Wilcoxon (a) Base versus post 1 (b) Base versus post 2 (c) Base versus follow-up |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post 1 |
Post 2 |
Follow- up |
||||
| C5-C6 | DN-S | 2.34 (1.16–3.29) | 2.42 (1.26–3.39) | 2.88 (1.28–3.65) | 2.09 (1.45–3.63) | 0.545 | (a) 0.721 (b) 0.182 (c) 0.695 |
| STT | 2.19 (1.31–3.08) | 1.74 (0.88–2.14) | 1.57 (1.21–2.55) | 2.25 (1.64–2.45) | 0.058 | (a) 0.239 (b) 0.480 (c) 0.638 |
|
| OMT | 1.94 (1.44–2.19) | 3.05 (2.16–4.37) | 3.60 (2.59–3.74) | 3.11 (2.81–3.92) | 0.001 | (a) 0.006 (b) 0.003 (c) 0.002 |
|
| K-W | 0.612 | 0.008 | 0.019 | 0.011 | |||
| Mann-Whitney U test | |||||||
|
DN-S versus STT DN-S versus OMT STT versus OMT |
0.729 0.354 0.487 |
0.073 0.224 0.002 |
0.166 0.325 0.003 |
0.908 0.043 0.002 |
|||
|
| |||||||
| Trapezius | DN-S | 3.13 (1.42–4.45) | 3.20 (1.80–4.09) | 3.52 (1.30–4.31) | 2.85 (1.50–5.23) | 0.682 | (a) 0.937 (b) 0.638 (c) 0.239 |
| STT | 2.19 (1.72–3.03) | 1.84 (0.94–2.51) | 1.78 (1.33–2.83) | 2.49 (1.64–3.50) | 0.117 | (a) 0.530 (b) 0.814 (c) 0.583 |
|
| OMT | 3.15 (1.62–3.24) | 3.24 (2.95–4.28) | 3.65 (3.21–3.68) | 4.06 (3.75–4.38) | 0.001 | (a) 0.005 (b) 0.003 (c) 0.005 |
|
| K-W | 0.453 | 0.008 | 0.072 | 0.012 | |||
| Mann-Whitney U test | |||||||
|
DN-S versus STT DN-S versus OMT STT versus OMT |
0.355 0.524 0.247 |
0.050 0.297 0.002 |
0.326 0.885 0.005 |
0.488 0.057 0.003 |
|||
DN-S = dry needling + stretching, STT = soft tissue techniques, and OMT = orthopedic manual therapy.
K-W = Kruskal-Wallis test.