Table 2.
NOXs: Isoforms and Tissue Expression
| Isoforms | Tissue/cell expression | Loss of function | Primary ROS formed |
|---|---|---|---|
| NOX1 | Colon, aorta | Not reported (mouse KO has no obvious phenotype) | O2− |
| NOX2 | Phagocytes, endothelium | Susceptibility to infection (mouse, human), inflammation (mouse, rat, human) | O2− |
| NOX3 | Inner ear | Absence of otoconia (mouse, rat) | O2− |
| NOX4 | Kidney, almost all tissues | Not reported (mouse KO has no obvious phenotype) | H2O2 O2− |
| NOX5 | Spleen, testis, endothelium | Not reported (absent in rodents) | O2− |
| DUOX1/NOX6 | Thyroid, gland, lung, epithelia | Not reported (mouse KO has no phenotype) | H2O2 |
| DUOX2/NOX7 | Thyroid, gland, lung, epithelia | Hypothyroidism H2O2 (mouse, human) |
DUOX, dual oxidase; O2−, superoxide anion radical; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; KO, knockout; NOX, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; ROS, reactive oxygen species.