Table 3.
Variables Associated With Complicated Clostridium difficile Infection in Univariable Analysis
| Variable | No. Complicated Clostridium difficile Infections/Total (%) | Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | |||
| 18–64 | 27/511 (5.3) | … | |
| 65–79 | 39/504 (7.7) | 1.50 (.94–2.50) | .12 |
| ≥80 | 42/342 (12.3) | 2.51 (1.52–4.16) | <.001 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Dementia | |||
| No | 95/1264 (7.5) | … | |
| Yes | 13/93 (14.0) | 2.00 (1.07–3.73) | .03 |
| Heart disease | |||
| No | 46/803 (5.7) | … | |
| Yes | 62/554 (11.2) | 2.07 (1.39–3.09) | <.001 |
| Lung disease | |||
| No | 71/1011 (7.0) | … | |
| Yes | 37/346 (10.7) | 1.58 (1.04–2.41) | .03 |
| Kidney disease | |||
| No | 73/1061 (6.9) | … | |
| Yes | 35/296 (11.8) | 1.82 (1.19–2.78) | .01 |
| Surgery (≤2 mo) | |||
| None | 75/835 (9.0) | … | |
| Emergency | 14/169 (8.3) | 0.92 (.50–1.66) | .77 |
| Elective | 19/353 (5.4) | 0.58 (.34–.97) | .04 |
| Strain ribotype | |||
| Other | 31/430 (7.2) | … | |
| R027 | 52/475 (10.9) | 1.58 (.99–2.52) | .05 |
| Unavailable | 25/452 (5.5) | 0.75 (.44–1.29) | .31 |
| Heart rate | |||
| ≤90/min | 43/866 (5.0) | … | |
| >90/min | 65/484 (13.4) | 2.97 (1.98–4.44) | <.001 |
| Respiratory rate | |||
| ≤20/min | 43/866 (5.0) | … | |
| >20/min | 65/484 (13.4) | 2.97 (1.98–4.44) | <.001 |
| Fever (°C) | |||
| 36–38 | 86/1188 (7.2) | … | |
| <36 or >38 | 19/155 (12.3) | 1.79 (1.06–3.04) | .03 |
| White blood cell count (109/L) | |||
| <4 | 14/121 (11.6) | 2.57 (1.34–4.94) | .01 |
| 4–11.9 | 35/723 (4.8) | … | |
| 12–19.9 | 30/345 (8.7) | 1.87 (1.13–3.10) | .02 |
| ≥20 | 28/144 (19.4) | 4.75 (2.78–8.10) | <.001 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | |||
| <25 | 52/364 (14.3) | 8.58 (3.06–24.10) | <.001 |
| 26–34.9 | 37/600 (6.2) | 3.38 (1.19–9.61) | .02 |
| ≥35 | 4/210 (1.9) | … | |
| Missing | 15/183 (8.2) | 4.60 (1.50–14.11) | .01 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | |||
| <50 | 20/487 (4.1) | … | |
| 50–149.9 | 27/413 (6.5) | 1.63 (.90–2.96) | .11 |
| ≥150 | 32/122 (26.2) | 8.30 (4.55–15.17) | <.001 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | |||
| 0–99 | 44/868 (5.1) | … | |
| 100–199 | 35/301 (11.6) | 2.46 (1.55–3.92) | <.001 |
| ≥200 | 25/133 (18.8) | 4.33 (2.55–7.37) | <.001 |
| Dialysis | 3/34 (8.8) | 1.81 (.53–6.16) | .34 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | |||
| <7 | 22/716 (3.1) | … | |
| 7–10.9 | 18/207 (8.7) | 3.00 (1.58–5.72) | .01 |
| ≥11 | 54/292 (18.5) | 7.16 (4.27–12.00) | <.001 |
| Dialysis | 3/35 (8.6) | 2.96 (.84–10.40) | .09 |
| Missing | 11/107 (10.3) | 3.62 (1.70–7.69) | .01 |
Univariable analysis was performed on 1357 patients.