Table 3.

Multivariable linear regression models of mean carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), maximum CIMT, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure and multivariable logistic regression of carotid artery plaque

	Coefficient	95% CI	p Value
Mean CIMT (mm)
Age, years	0.006	0.005 to 0.007	<0.001
Gender, woman	0.01	−0.02 to 0.04	0.70
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	0.001	−0.001 to 0.002	0.10
LDL, mg/dl	0.0002	−0.001 to 0.001	0.39
HDL, mg/dl	0.001	−0.001 to 0.002	0.43
Body mass index, kg/m2	−0.002	−0.005 to 0.001	0.25
HOMA-IR, mmol/l×μU/ml	0.002	−0.003 to 0.007	0.49
Antihypertensive medication use	0.04	−0.02 to 0.10	0.15
Chronic exposure to biomass fuels	0.03	0.01 to 0.06	0.02
Maximum CIMT (mm)
Age, years	0.007	0.006 to 0.008	<0.001
Gender, woman	0.01	−0.02 to 0.04	0.58
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	0.001	−0.001 to 0.002	0.07
LDL, mg/dl	0.0002	−0.001 to 0.001	0.27
HDL, mg/dl	0.001	−0.001 to 0.002	0.39
Body mass index, kg/m2	−0.002	−0.004 to 0.001	0.45
HOMA-IR, mmol/l×μU/ml	0.003	−0.01 to 0.01	0.37
Antihypertensive medication use	0.05	−0.01 to 0.11	0.16
Chronic exposure to biomass fuels	0.03	0.01 to 0.06	0.04
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
Age, years	0.52	0.37 to 0.67	<0.001
Gender, woman	−8.1	−11.6 to −4.6	<0.001
LDL, mg/dl	0.04	−0.01 to 0.09	0.11
HDL, mg/dl	0.04	−0.13 to 0.21	0.67
Body mass index, kg/m2	0.59	0.10 to 1.08	0.02
HOMA-IR, mmol/l×μU/ml	0.64	−0.14 to 1.42	0.11
Antihypertensive medication use	6.6	−1.8 to 15.0	0.12
Chronic exposure to biomass fuels	9.2	5.4 to 13.0	<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
Age, years	0.10	0.01 to 0.19	0.04
Gender, woman	−4.0	−6.2 to −1.8	<0.001
LDL, mg/dl	0.03	−0.01 to 0.06	0.11
HDL, mg/dl	0.01	−0.99 to 1.01	0.86
Body mass index, kg/m2	0.62	0.31 to 0.93	<0.001
HOMA-IR, mmol/l×μU/ml	0.26	−0.23 to 0.75	0.29
Antihypertensive medication use	3.1	−2.1 to 8.3	0.25
Chronic exposure to biomass fuels	6.5	4.1 to 8.9	<0.001
	OR	95% CI	p Value
Carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque
Age, years	1.08	1.05 to 1.12	<0.001
Gender, woman	0.55	0.27 to 1.11	0.10
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	1.00	0.97 to 1.02	0.80
LDL, mg/dl	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.08
HDL, mg/dl	0.97	0.94 to 1.00	0.08
Body mass index, kg/m2	1.02	0.92 to 1.13	0.68
HOMA-IR, mmol/l×μU/ml	1.01	0.88 to 1.17	0.84
Antihypertensive medication use	1.66	0.40 to 6.8	0.48
Chronic exposure to biomass fuels	2.55	1.08 to 5.98	0.03

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.