Table 3.
Crude Rates of Incident Hypertension in Patients With Treated and Untreated OSA Stratified by Severitya
| Patients With OSA |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ineligible for CPAP Therapy | Declined CPAP Therapy | Nonadherent to CPAP Therapy | Treated With CPAP Therapy | P Valueb | |
| Mild OSA | |||||
| No. at risk | 276 | 11 | 11 | 57 | |
|
| |||||
| Incident hypertension, No. (%) | 96 (34.8) | 4 (3.6) | 5 (4.5) | 14 (24.6) | |
|
| |||||
| Crude incidence rate, No. per 100 person-years (95% CI) | 3.02 (2.43–3.61) | 2.88 (0.10–5.66) | 4.05 (0.57–7.53) | 2.12 (1.02–3.22) | .15 |
|
| |||||
| Moderate OSA | |||||
| No. at risk | 186 | 45 | 27 | 190 | |
|
| |||||
| Incident hypertension, No. (%) | 79 (42.5) | 18 (40.0) | 12 (44.4) | 62 (32.6) | |
|
| |||||
| Crude incidence rate, No. per 100 person-years (95% CI) | 3.84 (3.01–4.67) | 3.77 (2.06–5.48) | 4.36 (1.95–6.77) | 2.91 (2.20–3.62) | .07 |
|
| |||||
| Severe OSA | |||||
| No. at risk | NA | 139 | 60 | 577 | |
|
| |||||
| Incident hypertension, No. (%) | NA | 97 (69.8) | 35 (58.3) | 204 (35.3) | |
|
| |||||
| Crude incidence rate, No. per 100 person-years (95% CI) | NA | 6.83 (5.52–8.14) | 5.68 (3.58–7.51) | 3.21 (2.78–3.64) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; NA, not applicable; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea.
a
Severity of OSA was defined by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as mild OSA (AHI, 5.0–14.9), moderate OSA (AHI, 15.0–29.9), and severe OSA (AHI, ≥30.0).
b
Obtained by comparing the rate of incident hypertension in CPAP therapy group with the remaining groups within each severity category using log-rank test.