Table 5. Factors associated with mortality among patients demonstrating an adequate response to combination antiretroviral therapy in the HIV Outpatient Study, United States, 1996–2007 (N = 2 610).
| Baseline factor | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) |
P value | Adjusted analysis HR (95% CI) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any IRIS (B, C, mucocutaneous) | ||||
| IRIS diagnosis | 2.38 (1.80, 3.14) | <0.001 | NA | |
| No IRIS diagnosis | ||||
| IRIS stratified | ||||
| Type C diagnosis | 4.69 (3.15, 6.96) | <0.001 | 2.39 (1.58, 3.61) | <0.001 |
| Type B diagnosis | 4.28 (2.70, 6.79) | <0.001 | 2.29 (1.43, 3.67) | <0.001 |
| Mucocutaneous diagnosis | 0.99 (0.59, 1.64) | 0.96 | 0.54 (0.32, 0.92) | 0.021 |
| No IRIS diagnosis | Referent | Referent | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≥40 | 1.57 (1.23, 2.01) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.23, 2.03) | <0.001 |
| <40 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 0.91 (0.67, 1.25) | 0.57 | 0.96 (0.69, 1.34) | 0.82 |
| Male | Referent | Referent | ||
| Race | ||||
| All other | 1.31 (1.03, 1.67) | 0.030 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 0.95 |
| White, non-Hispanic | Referent | Referent | ||
| HIV risk | ||||
| IDU | 2.11 (1.55, 2.85) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.02, 1.94) | 0.038 |
| MSM/HRH/other | Referent | Referent | ||
| HIV viral load (log10 copies/ml)a | ||||
| ≥5 | 2.01 (1.56, 2.56) | <0.001 | 1.54 (1.19, 2.00) | 0.001 |
| <5 | Referent | Referent | ||
| CD4 cell count (cells/μl)a | ||||
| <50 | 6.93 (4.64, 10.33) | <0.001 | 3.89 (2.49, 6.09) | <0.001 |
| 50–200 | 2.30 (1.49, 3.55) | <0.001 | 1.51 (0.96, 2.38) | 0.073 |
| 200–350 | 1.23 (0.75, 2.02) | 0.42 | 1.03 (0.62, 1.71) | 0.91 |
| Missing | 4.61 (2.83, 7.50) | <0.001 | 3.05 (1.84, 5.05) | <0.001 |
| ≥350 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Year of first qualifying cART | ||||
| 1996–2000 | 1.98 (1.41, 2.78) | <0.001 | 1.78 (1.26, 2.52) | 0.001 |
| 2001–2008 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Nadir CD4 cell count (cells/μl) | ||||
| <200 | 3.30 (2.44, 4.45) | <0.001 | ||
| ≥200 | Referent | |||
| AIDS OI diagnosis at baselineb | ||||
| AIDS OI at baseline | 3.22 (2.52, 4.10) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.21, 2.05) | <0.001 |
| No AIDS OI at baseline | Referent | |||
| Insurance | ||||
| Public or other insurance | 1.98 (1.54, 2.54) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.11, 1.90) | 0.007 |
| Private | Referent | Referent | ||
| Prior antiretroviral exposure | ||||
| Yes | 3.21 (2.17, 4.74) | <0.001 | 2.80 (1.88, 4.18) | <0.001 |
| No | Referent | Referent | ||
cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; HRH, high-risk heterosexual; IRIS, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; OI, opportunistic infection.
a
Viral loads and CD4 values closest to the start of a new or different cART within the preceding 180 days.
b
OI prior to the start of a new or different cART.