Table 3.
Univariate analyses of the association of different variables with allograft survival followed by multivariate analyses of the associations of graft DC-SIGN+ cell density with graft survival after adjustment for other clinical or pathologic variables
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Univariate analyses (n=105) | ||
| Demography and clinical | ||
| Age (yr) | 0.96 (0.94 to 0.99) | 0.02 |
| Female sex | 1.10 (0.54 to 2.20) | 0.80 |
| African-American race | 0.86 (0.23 to 3.27) | 0.85 |
| Deceased donors | 0.68 (0.33 to 1.41) | 0.30 |
| Post-transplant time (mo) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.01) | <0.001 |
| eGFR at biopsy (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.97) | <0.001 |
| Proteinuria (dipstick 0–3) | 2.11 (1.47 to 3.04) | <0.001 |
| Circulating DSAsa | 3.70 (1.21 to 11.30) | <0.001 |
| Histology | ||
| C4d score (0–3) | 1.02 (0.76 to 1.37) | 0.87 |
| Peritubular capillaritis (ptc) score (0–3) | 1.83 (1.29 to 2.59) | <0.001 |
| Glomerulitis (g) score (0–3) | 1.14 (0.76 to 1.70) | 0.52 |
| Interstitial inflammation (i) score (0–3) | 1.28 (0.92 to 1.78) | 0.15 |
| Tubulitis (t) score (0–3) | 1.16 (0.85 to 1.56) | 0.35 |
| Intimal arteritis (v) score (0–3) | 1.58 (0.89 to 2.79) | 0.12 |
| Chronic transplant glomerulopathy (cg) score (0–3) | 1.86 (1.30 to 2.67) | 0.001 |
| Interstitial fibrosis (ci) score (0–3) | 3.12 (2.09 to 4.66) | <0.001 |
| Tubular atrophy (ct) score (0–3) | 3.18 (2.12‒ 4.77) | <0.001 |
| Arteriolar hyalinosis (ah) score (0–3) | 2.44 (1.66 to 3.58) | <0.001 |
| Arterial fibrointimal (cv) score (0–3) | 1.56 (1.09 to 2.23) | 0.02 |
| Inflammation in area of tubular atrophy (iatr) score (0–3) | 1.88 (1.34 to 2.65) | <0.001 |
| Total inflammation (ti) score (0–3) | 3.01 (2.02 to 4.47) | <0.001 |
| DC-SIGN+ cell density (average cells/hpf) | 1.33 (1.15 to 1.55) | <0.001 |
| CD68+–DC-SIGN+ cell density (average cells/hpf) | 1.06 (1.01‒ 1.13) | 0.03 |
| CD3+ cell density (average cells/hpf) | 1.05 (1.03 to 1.07) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate analyses (n=105) | ||
| DC-SIGN+ cell density adjusted for clinical variablesb | 1.28 (1.07 to 1.53) | 0.01 |
| DC-SIGN+ cell density adjusted for histology variablesc | 0.97 (0.78 to 1.21) | 0.83 |
Thirty-three graft failures were recorded during the follow-up period.
95% CI, 95% confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
DSAs were assessed in 73 patients. For the purpose of the multivariate analysis, DSAs were considered negative in patients where DSAs were not assessed (the vast majority of these patients had negative C4d and no histologic signs suggestive of antibody-mediated rejection; see the Concise Methods).
Adjusted for age, post-transplant time, eGFR at biopsy, proteinuria, and DSAs.
Adjusted for ptc, cg, ci, ah, cv, iatr, and ti scores and for each of CD68+−DC-SIGN+ and CD3+ cell densities; ct scores were not included in the multivariate analysis because of collinearity with ci scores.