Table 1. Patient characteristics according to PNPLA3 genotypes.
| PNPLA3 SNP (rs738409) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | All patients, n = 177 | PNPLA3 C/C, n = 102 | PNPLA3 G/G or G/C, n = 75 | p-value |
| Sex (M/F, % male) | 134/43 (75.7%) | 81/21 (79.4%) | 53/22 (70.7%) | 0.180 |
| Age (years) | 38.60±9.92 | 38.36±9.59 | 38.92±10.42 | 0.638 |
| BMI (kg*m -2 ) | 23.13±4.25 | 23.38±4.73 | 22.81±3.53 | 0.846 |
| HCV-Transmission | 0.978 | |||
| IVDU | 129 (72.9%) | 76 (74.5%) | 53 (70.7%) | |
| MSM | 34 (19.2%) | 18 (17.6%) | 16 (21.3%) | |
| Heterosexual | 7 (4.0%) | 4 (2.0%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
| Transfusion/Blood products | 5 (2.8%) | 3 (2.9%) | 2 (2.7%) | |
| Unknown | 2 (1.1%) | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | |
| Years between infection and fibrosis evaluation | 11.5±10.01 | 11.29±9.21 | 11.80±11.08 | 0.882 |
| HCV Genotype | 0.106 | |||
| GT 1 | 113 (63.8%) | 59 (57.8%) | 54 (72.0%) | |
| GT 2 | 3 (1.7%) | 2 (2.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | |
| GT 3 | 38 (21.5%) | 26 (25.5%) | 12 (16.0%) | |
| GT 4 | 21 (11.9%) | 15 (14.7%) | 6 (8.0%) | |
| GT 6 | 2 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.7%) | |
| High HCV-RNA (>6*10 5 IU/mL) | 118 (66.7%) | 65 (63.7%) | 53 (70.7%) | 0.333 |
| Current cART | 147 (83.1%) | 83 (81.4%) | 64 (85.3%) | 0.677 |
| HIV-RNA level (log10 copies/mL) | 1.91±1.06 | 1.91±1.11 | 1.89±0.98 | 0.441 |
| Alcohol abuse | 42 (23.7%) | 26 (25.5%) | 16 (21.3%) | 0.452 |
| CD4 count (cells/μL) | 528.1±263.0 | 538.4±269.3 | 514.5±255.5 | 0.700 |
| CD4 percentage | 28.89±10.12% | 28.46±10.42% | 29.44±9.76% | 0.364 |
| CD4 nadir (cells/μL) | 274±200 | 285±201 | 258±200 | 0.331 |
| ALT (IU/mL) | 88.7±82.2 | 74.1±60.0 | 109.0±103.5 | 0.021 |
| High ALT (>2xULN) | 59 (33.3%) | 26 (25.5%) | 33 (44.0%) | 0.010 |
| AST (IU/mL) | 66.5±43.7 | 60.5±41.3 | 74.8±45.8 | 0.033 |
| High AST (>2xULN) | 43 (24.3%) | 18 (17.7%) | 25 (33.3%) | 0.016 |
| y-GT (IU/mL) | 127.4±117.1 | 113.5±106.0 | 146.5±129.3 | 0.059 |
| IL28B-genotype | 0.248 | |||
| C/C | 57 (32.2%) | 30 (29.4%) | 27 (36.0%) | |
| T/C | 101 (57.1%) | 63 (61.8%) | 38 (50.7%) | |
| T/T | 18 (10.2%) | 8 (7.8%) | 10 (13.3%) | |
| IL28B non-C/C | 119 (67.2%) | 71 (69.6%) | 48 (64.0%) | 0.468 |
| Fibrosis according to METAVIR | 0.292 | |||
| F0 | 31 (17.5%) | 18 (17.6%) | 13 (17.3%) | |
| F1 | 45 (25.4%) | 28 (27.5%) | 17 (22.7%) | |
| F2 | 58 (32.8%) | 28 (27.5%) | 30 (40.0%) | |
| F3 | 20 (11.3%) | 15 (14.7%) | 5 (6.7%) | |
| F4 | 23 (13.0%) | 13 (12.7%) | 10 (13.3%) | |
| Liver Stiffness (kPa; n = 105) | 6.5 (3.7) | 6.4 (3.9) | 6.8 (3.3) | 0.334 |
| Fibrosis Progression Rate (METAVIR F-units/year) | 0.23±0.33 | 0.20±0.26 | 0.27±0.41 | 0.984 |
| CAP (dB/m; n = 34) | 209.5±51.1 | 215.5±59.7 | 203.5±41.9 | 0.563 |
| HVPG (mmHg; n = 69) | 4.2±2.8 | 4.4±3.0 | 3.9±2.6 | 0.472 |
| Portal Hypertension (HVPG≥6mmHg) | 13 (18.8%) | 10 (9.8%) | 3 (4.0%) | 0.124 |
Patient characteristics (demographic data, data on HIV/HCV coinfection, IL28B-genotype, data on liver fibrosis, hepatic steatosis, liver stiffness, fibrosis progression rate and hepatic venous pressure gradient) according to PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3)-risk allele; continuous variables shown as mean ± SD or median (IQR); Abbreviations: SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), IVDU (intravenous drug-use), MSM (men having sex with men), CAP™ (Controlled Attenuation Parameter), HVPG (hepatic venous pressure gradient).