Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 according to the presence of anemia.
| Variables | Anemia | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 50) | No (n = 96) | p value | |
| Gender | 0,059£ | ||
| Male | 23 (46,0) | 29 (30,2) | |
| Female | 27 (54,0) | 67 (69,8) | |
| Age (in years) | 61,8 ± 9,5 | 60,5 ± 8,7 | 0,274µ |
| Body mass (kg) | 83,6 ± 16,8 | 77,5 ± 13,5 | 0,019¥∗ |
| Height (m) | 1,61 ± 0,08 | 1,59 ± 0,09 | 0,287¥ |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32,2 ± 6,0 | 30,6 ± 5,7 | 0,126¥ |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 105,9 ± 15,9 | 104,7 ± 11,5 | 0,626¥ |
| Time of diagnosis of DM2 (in years) | 6 (0,5–40,0) | 5 (0,6–40,0) | 0,148µ |
| Advanced age | 30 (60,0) | 55 (57,3) | 0,753£ |
| Hypertension | 42 (84,0) | 65 (67,7) | 0,035£∗ |
| Dyslipidemia | 23 (46,0) | 48 (50,0) | 0,646£ |
| Obesity | 38 (76,0) | 65 (67,7) | 0,297£ |
| Metabolic syndrome | 35 (70,0) | 56 (58,3) | 0,167£ |
| Heart disease | 10 (20,0) | 18 (18,8) | 0,856£ |
| Respiratory disease | 6 (12,0) | 15 (15,6) | 0,627€ |
| Smoking | 8 (18,0) | 14 (14,6) | 0,179£ |
| Alcoholism | 4 (8,0) | 6 (6,3) | 0,924€ |
| Physical inactivity | 23 (46,0) | 50 (52,1) | 0,485£ |
| Stress | 23 (46,0) | 53 (55,2) | 0,291£ |
| Hypersodic diet | 6 (12,0) | 19 (19,8) | 0,259€ |
| Alteration of renal function by creatinine | 9 (18,0) | 18 (18,8) | 0,912£ |
| Alteration of renal function by Cockcroft-Gault equation | 12 (24,0) | 25 (26,0) | 0,788£ |
DM2: diabetes mellitus type 2; ¥ indicates p value according to Student's t-test; µ indicates p value according to test of Mann-Whitney; £ indicates p value according to test of Chi-square of Pearson; € indicates p value according to the exact test of Fischer; results presented on average ± standard deviation or median (minimal and maximal value) and number (percentage); ∗ was considered statistically significant.