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. 2015 Nov 25;5:16899. doi: 10.1038/srep16899

Table 3. Predicting poor health with scenicness only.

  All areas Urban Suburban Rural
Scenicness −0.008*** −0.007** −0.004* −0.011***
Income Deprivation 1.691*** 1.789*** 1.404*** 1.023***
Employment Deprivation 3.194*** 3.113*** 3.318*** 4.028***
Education Deprivation 0.003*** 0.003*** 0.004*** 0.006***
Housing Deprivation −0.001*** 0.000 −0.001*** −0.001**
Crime 0.009*** −0.004 0.007 0.013***
Living Deprivation 0.000*** 0.001** 0.000 0.000
AIC −10938 −1307 −5035 −5460
No of observations 16907 3944 7781 5182

Regression coefficients for CAR models predicting standardised rates of poor health using scenicness only. As in Tables 1 and 2, models are built for England as a whole, and for urban, suburban and rural areas separately. A range of socioeconomic deprivation variables are controlled for, and the analysis is carried out at the level of Lower Layer Super Output Areas. Again, lower ratings of scenicness are significantly associated with reports of worse health across England as a whole, as well as across urban, suburban and rural areas. As such, the relationship between scenicness and health is similar to that found in the first model presented in Table 1, in which greenspace is included. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.