Table 2. Phenotypic traits and genetic markers studied along the eastern Australian coast in drosophilid species.

Trait/genetic marker	Species	Clinal variation	Clinal pattern	References
The presence and pattern of clinal variation and the publication associated with the datasets are reported
Morphological
Egg size	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Azevedo et al. 20
Pigmentation	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Telonis Scott et al. 25
Thorax length	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	James et al. 17, 12, Rako et al. 15
	D. melanogaster	No		Van Heerwaarden & Sgrò 16
	D. melanogaster	Na		Hoffmann et al. 10
	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. simulans	Yes	Linear	Van Heerwaarden & Sgro 16
Mass	D. serrata	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Hallas et al. 19
Wing size	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Gockel et al. 22, James et al. 17, 12, Collinge et al. 21, Rako et al. 15, Van Heerwaarden & Sgrò 16
	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. birchii	No		Griffiths et al. 23
	D. serrata	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Hoffmann & Shirriffs 24, Hallas et al. 19
	D. simulans	Yes	Linear	Van Heerwaarden & Sgro 16
Wing to aspect ratio	D. melanogaster	Yes, in the field	Linear	Azevedo et al. 11
Wing to thorax ratio	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Azevedo et al. 11, Van Heerwaarden & Sgrò 16
	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. simulans	No		Van Heerwaarden & Sgro 16
Wing shape	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
Fluctuating asymmetry	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
Lipid content	D. melanogaster	Na		Hoffmann et al. 10
Life-history
Development time	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	James & Partridge 26, Collinge et al. 21
	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. birchii	Yes	Linear	Griffiths et al. 23
	D. serrata	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Magiafoglou et al. 27
	D. simulans	No		Arthur et al. 28
Longevity	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Sgrò et al. 30
Overwinter mortality	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Mitrovski & Hoffmann 13, Hoffmann et al. 14
Overwinter fecundity	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Mitrovski & Hoffmann 13
	D. melanogaster		Linear	Hoffmann et al. 14, Rako et al. 15
Mortality	D. aldrichi	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. buzzatii	Na		Loeschcke et al. 18
	D. serrata	Yes	Linear	Magiafoglou et al. 27
Timing of overwinter fecundity	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Mitrovski & Hoffmann 13, Hoffmann et al. 14
Ovariole number	D. melanogaster	Yes	Quadratic	Azevedo et al. 20
	D. melanogaster		Linear	Collinge et al. 21
Ovarian dormancy	D. melanogaster	Yes	Quadratic	Lee et al. 29
Stress
Cold resistance	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Hoffmann et al. 10, 31, Collinge et al. 21
	D. melanogaster	Na		Hoffmann et al. 10
	D. birchii	No		Griffiths et al. 23
	D. serrata	Yes	Linear	Hallas et al. 19, Magiafoglou et al. 27
	D. simulans	Yes, females	Cubic	Arthur et al. 28
Desiccation resistance	D. melanogaster	No		Hoffmann et al. 10, Hoffmann et al. 32
	D. melanogaster	Na		Hoffmann et al. 10
	D. birchii	Yes	Linear	Griffiths et al. 23
	D. serrata	No		Hallas et al. 19
	D. simulans	No		Arthur et al. 28
Heat resistance	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Hoffmann et al. 31, Collinge et al. 21, Hoffmann et al. 10
	D. birchii	No		Griffiths et al. 23
Starvation resistance	D. melanogaster	Yes, females	Linear	Hoffmann et al. 10
	D. melanogaster	No		Hoffmann et al. 32
	D. birchii	Yes	Linear	Griffiths et al. 23
	D. serrata	Yes, males	Linear	Hallas et al. 19
Inversions
In(2L)t	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Knibb et al. 46
	D. melanogaster	Na		Kennington & Hoffmann 34
In(2R)NS	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Knibb et al. 46
In(3L)Payne	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Knibb et al. 46
In(3R)Payne	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Knibb et al. 46, Lee et al. 42, Umina et al. 8, Kennington et al 41
In(3R)C	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Knibb et al. 46
Allozymes
Adh	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Oakeshott et al. 36, Umina et al. 8
	D. melanogaster	Na		Kennington & Hoffmann 34
Gpdh	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Oakeshott et al. 36
G6pd	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Oakeshott et al. 35
Pgd	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Oakeshott et al. 35
Pgm, Aldox, Hex, Adh, Est1, Est2 and Lap	D. buzzatii	Yes	Linear	Barker 37
DNA sequence variation
clock	D. melanogaster	No		Weeks et al. 2005
couch potato	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Lee et al. 29
drosophila cold acclimation	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Mckechnie et al. 39
frost	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Hoffmann et al. 38
hsp70	D. melanogaster	No		Collinge et al. 21
hsr-omega	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Kennington et al. 41, Collinge et al. 21
methuselah	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Sgrò et al. 30
neurofibromin	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Lee et al. 42
period	D. melanogaster	No		Weeks et al. 2005
MtDNA	D. simulans	Na		Kriesner et al. 43
DNA repeat variation
Microsatellite markers	D. melanogaster	Yes, 5 out of 19	Linear	Gockel et al. 22
	D. melanogaster	Yes, 9 out of 24	Linear	Kennington et al. 41
	D. melanogaster	Na		Kennington & Hoffmann 34
	D. buzzatii	Yes, 6 out of 15	Linear	Barker 2009
	D. serrata	No		Magiafoglou et al. 27
	S. aclinata	Na		Barker et al. 6
	S. hibisci	Na		Barker et al. 6
Gene expression
couch potato	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear and quadratic	Lee et al. 29
ebony	D. melanogaster	Yes, at 25 °C	Linear	Telonis-Scott et al. 25
methuselah	D. melanogaster	Yes	Linear	Sgrò et al. 30
Others
Wolbachia	D. simulans	Na		Kriesner et al. 43