Figure 1.
Therapeutic targets in renal cell carcinoma.
Abbreviations: HIF, hypoxia-induced factor; mTORC1/2, mammalian target of rapamycin complexes 1 and 2; PDK1, phosphoinositide-dependant kinase-1; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VHL, von Hippel-Lindau.
Modified from Courtney KD, Choueiri TK. Optimizing recent advances in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Curr Oncol Rep 2009;11:218–226; with kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media.