Table 5. Association of clinical and pathologic parameters with downgrading from biopsy Gleason score (GS) 3 + 4 to GS 5–6 at radical prostatectomy.
| Variables | Downgrade (n = 190) | No downgrade (n = 1387) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age. yr | |||
| Median (range) | 60.0 (34.0–74.0) | 60.0 (36.0–76.0) | 0.538 |
| Mean (SD) | 58.9 (7.4) | 59.2 (6.6) | |
| PSA, ng/ml | |||
| Median (range) | 4.8 (0.3–32.2) | 5.1 (0.9–64.8) | |
| Mean (SD) | 5.5 (3.3) | 6.4 (5.2) | 0.028 |
| No. of positive cores | |||
| Median (range) | 3.0 (1.0–11.0) | 4.0 (1.0–14.0) | |
| Mean (SD) | 3.5 (2.4) | 4.1 (2.5) | 0.006 |
| Maximum percentage of cancer per core | |||
| Median (range) | 40.0 (5.0-100.0) | 60.0 (5.0–100.0) | <0.0001 |
| Mean (SD) | 48.0 (29.7) | 57.3 (28.6) | |
| Pathology weight (continuous) | |||
| Median (range) | 47.8 (15.9-152.0) | 46.3 (21.3–333.8) | 0.025 |
| Mean (SD) | 53.9 (19.8) | 50.1 (19.8) | |
| Pathology weight (%) | |||
| ≤25 g | 1 (6.2) | 15 (93.8) | |
| 26–50 g | 82 (9.3) | 798 (90.7) | <0.0001 |
| 51–75 g | 47 (11.1) | 377 (88.9) | |
| >75 g | 60 (23.3) | 197 (76.7) | |
| Clinical stage (%) | |||
| ≤T1c | 132 (14.7) | 766 (85.3) | |
| T2a | 47 (13.0) | 314 (87.0) | 0.025 |
| ≥T2b | 6 (5.4) | 105 (94.6) | |
SD = standard deviation: PSA= prostate-specific antigen.