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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2015 Jun 27;88(0 0):108–146. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.021

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

Inducers of Nrf2-target genes. Many small molecules that induce ARE-driven gene expression are indirect antioxidants or share structural similarity with indirect antioxidants. Examples shown include the metabolite of butylated hydroxyanisole, tert-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ), the diethyl ester of fumaric acid and the related compound diethyl maleate, the synthetic triterpenoid 1-[2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]imidazolide (CDDO-Im), the acetylenic tricyclic bis (cyanoenone) designated TBE-31, and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2.