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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2015 Jun 27;88(0 0):108–146. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.021

Table 3.

Examples of PPARα target genes and the biological processes in which they are involved

Gene Protein Function Cellular processes
ACACA Acetyl-CoA carboxylase α Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis; carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA Lipogenesis
GPAM Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial Catalyzes the first step in synthesis of glycerolipids; plays a role in the level of available cellular triglycerides Lipogenesis, glycerolipid synthesis
SLC27A4 Solute carrier family 27a4 Translocates long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane Lipid transport
ABCD2 ATP-binding cassette D2 Peroxisomal import of fatty acids and fatty acyl-CoA Lipid transport, peroxisomal β-oxidation
ACOX1 Acyl-CoA oxidase 1, palmitoyl Catalyzes first desaturation step in β-oxidation of fatty acids; donates electrons to O2 leading to production of H2O2 Peroxisomal β-oxidation
CPT1A Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A Transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane Mitochondrial β-oxidation
CPT2 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 Mitochondrial oxidation of long-chain fatty acids Mitochondrial β-oxidation
FXR Farnesoid X-activated receptor Bile acid receptor that regulates the expression of genes involved in bile acid transport and synthesis Bile acid transport, bile acid synthesis
LXR Liver X receptor Obligate heterodimeric binding partner of RXRs; involved in cholesterol homeostasis and innate immunity Cholesterol homeostasis, innate immunity, RXR activation

Modified from [379].