Table 2.

Summary of selected endoluminal CBUS devices, their design features, performance evaluations and clinical utilizations.

CBUS Device	General Design Features	Performance	Site-Specific Evaluations	Clinical Utilization
Endoluminal: sectored tubular arrays	Transurethral or endocervical configurations; Multi-sectored tubular transducers, 6 -8 MHz, 6-10 mm length segments, 2.5-3.5 mm OD transducers; sector-based angular control; cooling balloon or sheath	Transurethral prostate lesion dimensions 15-20 mm radial, 90-120 deg. sectors, × 6-30 mm length; endocervical hyperthermia ∼ 20 mm radial, 180 or 120 deg sectors, × 20-30 mm length	Prostate: Canine in vivo for treating BPH or focal cancer [50]	Cervix Hyperthermia w/HDR brachytherapy [38, 51]
Endoluminal: planar, rotating	Transurethral configuration w/ linear array, 1-8 rect., 4.7 and/or 9.7 MHz [dual frequency]; 20 – 40 mm length × 4 mm wide, 6 mm OD; Motorized rotational control; integrated cooling sheath and membrane	Penetration depth ∼ 20 mm; Integrated with MRTI-based feedback control; lesion depth control over rotation; +/- 1 mm conformal target boundary	Prostate: canine in vivo [82]	Prostate cancer ablation [55]
Endoluminal: planar with integrated US imaging	Single rect. therapy transducer, 10 MHz; single rect. imaging element, 12 MHz; 10 mm OD for esophageal placement; Imaging probe can be deployed and retracted through a channel within the device; Motorized rotational control	Penetration depth ∼ 10 mm; integrated US imaging for guidance	Esophagus: swine in vivo [83]	Esophageal tumors[59]