Effects of anti-TNFα antibody on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell and protein content. BAL collected 3, 7, and 28 days after exposure of rats to NM or PBS control (CTL), followed by anti-TNFα antibody or PBS, was analyzed for BAL protein (upper panel) and cell content (lower panel). CTL, combined means ± SE of data collected 3, 7, and 28 days post PBS treatment of rats administered PBS or PBS + Anti-TNFα. Days post NM, mean ± SE of NM or NM + Anti-TNFα treated rats 3, 7, or 28 days post NM exposure. One-way ANOVA comparing mean of each group to other groups using Tukey’s test was used to calculate p values. aSignificantly (p ≤ .05) different from CTL; bSignificantly (p ≤ .05) different from PBS-treated rats at the same time post NM. CTL, 3 d post PBS exposure.