Table 3.
Baseline dietary characteristics of women and men in CARDIA according to energy-adjusted tertiles of fruit and vegetable intake.
| Women | Fruit/Vegetable consumption in servings/day per 2000 kcal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics* | Q1 (median, range) | Q2 | Q3 | P for trend |
| 3.3 (0.3–4.3) | 5.4 (4.3–6.7) | 8.9 (6.7–25.8) | ||
| N | 523 | 524 | 524 | |
| Dairy | 2.8 ± 2.0 | 2.7 ± 2.0 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| Nuts | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.5 ± 1.0 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 0.12 |
| Legumes | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 1.0 | <0.01 |
| Eggs | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | <0.01 |
| Fish | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | <0.01 |
| Beef | 1.5 ± 2.4 | 1.2 ± 1.8 | 1.0 ± 1.6 | 0.01 |
| Bread/rolls-refined grain | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | <0.01 |
| Pasta-refined grain | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | <0.01 |
| Cakes, cookies, doughnuts | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | <0.01 |
| Fried potatoes | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | <0.01 |
| Frequency salt use at home (%) | <0.01 | |||
| Never | 7.7 | 8.6 | 15.3 | |
| Sometimes | 26.0 | 37.9 | 39.7 | |
| Often | 20.8 | 20.3 | 20.9 | |
| Almost Always | 45.6 | 33.1 | 24.1 | |
| Sweetened soft drinks | 1.2 ± 1.7 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | <0.01 |
| Fast food (times/month) | <0.01 | |||
| ≤2/month | 27.3 | 34.9 | 53.9 | |
| 3–5/month | 26.7 | 27.0 | 21.0 | |
| 6–11/month | 14.0 | 16.2 | 9.5 | |
| 12+/month | 32.1 | 22.0 | 15.5 | |
| Men | Fruit/Vegetable consumption in servings/day per 2000 kcal | |||
| Characteristics* | Q1 (median, range) | Q2 | Q3 | P for trend |
| 2.6 (0.6–3.4) | 4.4 (3.5–5.4) | 7.2 (5.4–22.8) | ||
| N | 311 | 312 | 312 | |
| Dairy | 3.3 ± 2.1 | 3.2 ± 3.7 | 2.8 ± 1.9 | 0.02 |
| Nuts | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 1.0 | 0.9 ± 1.4 | 0.01 |
| Legumes | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | <0.01 |
| Eggs | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.07 |
| Fish | 0.8 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 1.2 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| Beef | 1.9 ± 1.7 | 1.7 ± 1.2 | 1.3 ± 1.2 | <0.01 |
| Bread/rolls-refined grain | 3.1 ± 2.0 | 2.5 ± 1.8 | 1.7 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
| Pasta-refined grain | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.03 |
| Cakes, cookies, doughnuts | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.03 |
| Fried potatoes | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.12 |
| Frequency salt use at home (%) | <0.01 | |||
| Never | 8.3 | 13.0 | 18.0 | |
| Sometimes | 40.7 | 37.8 | 42.3 | |
| Often | 25.2 | 30.6 | 21.3 | |
| Almost Always | 25.8 | 18.6 | 18.4 | |
| Sweetened soft drinks | 1.2 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | <0.01 |
| Fast food (times/month) | <0.01 | |||
| ≤2/month | 23.2 | 25.4 | 39.1 | |
| 3–5/month | 20.7 | 21.8 | 28.7 | |
| 6–11/month | 14.8 | 21.8 | 28.7 | |
| 12+/month | 41.3 | 35.5 | 16.6 | |
*
Dietary variables are reported in servings per day unless specified otherwise