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. 2015 Nov 26;5:16777. doi: 10.1038/srep16777

Figure 1. HIV-Tat protein induces PKR expression in infected macrophages.

Figure 1

(A) RAW 264.7 cells were transiently transfected with a PKR-promoter-luciferase reporter plasmid, then treated with Tat (100 ng/mL) and/or infected with L. amazonensis 24 h after transfection. Whole-cell lysates were analyzed for luciferase activity 24 hours later. (B) THP-1 cells were infected with L. amazonensis for one hour, non-internalized promastigotes were washed out, fresh medium was added and then the cells were treated for an additional three hours with Tat (100 ng/mL). Total RNA was extracted and a quantitative real-time RT-PCR was performed. Western blot was performed using anti-PKR (C), anti-phospho-PKR (D) or anti-phospho-eIF2α (E) antibodies in infected and/or treated THP-1 cells as indicated. The results are representative of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05.