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a Schematic model depicting that OPG modulates the downstream signaling pathways related to aneuploidy and survival in HMEC cells. b OPG promotes tumorigenesis by inducing the different hallmarks of cancer - resistance apoptosis, survival and cell proliferation, angiogenesis and aneuploidy. The paracrine functions of OPG can be mediated via binding to various cell surface receptors on HMEC cells thus driving them towards tumorigenesis
