Fig. 1. RTD-1 inhibits secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.

TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 secreted in the medium were quantified by ELISA. (Left panels) Medium from human monocytes stimulated for 4 h with 20 ng/ml LPS or from unstimulated cells ± RTD-1 (10 μg/ml). Results are from 1 of 2 similar, independent experiments. (Right panels) Medium from differentiated THP-1 cells treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 2 h or from untreated cells ± RTD-1 (10 μg/ml). Results shown are means ± sd from 3 independent experiments. # indicates cytokine was below detection limit.