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Cardiac effects of liver X receptor signaling. In the ischemic or hypertrophic myocardium, LXRs decrease cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and loss (death), as well as attenuate fibrotic remodeling. LXRs also modulate myocardial metabolism, and have regulatory functions in angiogenesis and neovascularization. LXRs are also expressed in macrophages, which can affect the myocardium through injury or disease. NFκB, nuclear factor kappa B; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
