Table 1.

Overview of sample site characteristics.

Group	Elevation zone*	Treatment	Land-use**	Bedrock	Sites 2013	Sites 2014
VI1	V	Inorganic fertilizer	P	Calcareous	4	4
VI2	V	“	H	Mixed	4	4
VI3	V	“	X	Mixed	4	4
VO1	V	Organic fertilizer	P	Calcareous	4	4
VO2	V	“	H	Mixed	4	4
VO3	V	“	X	Mixed	4	4
VE1	V	Liming	P	Siliceous	4	4
VE2	V	“	H	Siliceous	4	4
VE3	V	“	X	Siliceous	4	4
VNE1	V	No liming	P	Siliceous	4	6
VNE2	V	“	H	Siliceous	4	4
VNE3	V	“	X	Siliceous	4	4
MP1	HM	Addition of phosphorus	P	Siliceous	4	4
MP2	HM	“	P	Calcareous	4	4
MP3	HM	“	P	Siliceous	4	4
MNP1	HM	No addition of P (negative control)	P	Siliceous	8	4
MNP2	HM	“	P	Calcareous	8	4
MNP3	HM	“	P	Siliceous	3	4
MDC	HM	Clearance (year 1)	P	Siliceous	4	4
MDL	HM	Clearance (year 3)	P	Siliceous	4	4
MDM	HM	Clearance (year 5)	P	Siliceous	4	4
HH1	LM	Chemical fern control	P	Siliceous	4	4
HH2	LM	“	P	Calcareous	4	4
HNH1	LM	Mechanical fern control	P	Siliceous	4	4
HNH2	LM	“	P	Calcareous	4	4

^*V, Valley (240–410 m elevation); LM, Low Mountain (630–720 m); HM, High Mountain (890–100 m).

^**P, Grazed pasture; H, Harvested; X, Mixed (grazed during winter only).