Table 3. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for the incidence of atrial fibrillation during follow-up.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
| Age (years) | 1.025 (1.006-1.045) | 0.011 | 1.024 (1.004-1.044) | 0.020 |
| Male | 1.538 (0.806-2.936) | 0.192 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 1.017 (0.965-1.073) | 0.522 | ||
| AFL duration (months) | 1.004 (0.994-1.014) | 0.419 | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 1.516 (0.888-2.590) | 0.127 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.027 (0.617-1.711) | 0.919 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.503 (0.844-2.678) | 0.166 | ||
| Stroke | 1.798 (0.766-4.221) | 0.178 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 1.148 (0.601-2.196) | 0.676 | ||
| Peripheral artery disease | 0.048 (0.000-541.844) | 0.524 | ||
| Valvular heart disease | 1.075 (0.596-1.940) | 0.809 | ||
| CHADS2 score | 1.247 (1.007-1.543) | 0.043 | ||
| CHA2DS2VASc score | 1.158 (0.988-1.358) | 0.071 | ||
| eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 2.027 (1.105-3.716) | 0.022 | ||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 1.400 (0.821-2.388) | 0.216 | ||
| Statin | 0.678 (0.324-1.420) | 0.303 | ||
| Antiarrhythmic drugs | 0.952 (0.454-1.955) | 0.896 | ||
| LV EF (%) | 0.993 (0.973-1.013) | 0.478 | ||
| LA diameter (mm) | 1.041 (1.003-1.080) | 0.034 | 1.037 (0.998-1.077) | 0.066 |
| E/E' ratio | 1.002 (0.975-1.030) | 0.884 | ||
HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval, AFL: atrial flutter, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker, LV EF: left ventricle ejection fraction, LA: left atrium