Fig. 1.

Expression of GLUT4 mRNA and proteins in the endometrium from non-PCOS and PCOS patients. Endometrial homogenates were prepared from women with and without PCOS, and qRT-PCR and Western blot assays were performed as described in the Materials and Methods. (A) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of GLUT4 mRNA levels in the proliferative phase between non-PCOS and PCOS patients. RNA levels were normalized to the average level of ACTB (β-actin) and CYC1 (cytochrome c isoform 1). Values are the mean ± SEM. N.S., nonsignificant (p > 0.05). (B) Representative Western blot analysis of GLUT4 expression in human endometrial tissues in vivo. The level of GLUT4 protein was decreased in PCOS patients regardless of whether hyperplasia was present. Cytokeratin 8 (an epithelial cell marker) and β-actin were used as the internal controls.