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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Soc Work Pract Addict. 2012 Feb 22;12(1):52–68. doi: 10.1080/1533256X.2012.647584

Table 1.

Characteristics of Focus Group Participants (n=29)1

Age, mean (range), years [n=25] 48 (32-68)
Age at discharge from military, mean (range), years [n=25] 26 (17-45)
Age at first homelessness, mean (range), years [n=17] 36 (17-62)
Race/ethnicity (%) [n=24]
    African American 46
    White 33
    Mixed 13
    Hispanic 4
    American Indian Alaskan Native 4
Marital status (%) [n=17]
    Single 41
    Divorced/Separated 47
    Married 0
    Widowed 12
Education level (%) [n=17]
    High school/GED 18
    Vocational School 12
    Associate's Degree 59
    Bachelor's Degree 12
Work status (%) [n=17]
    Employed 0
    Unemployed 29
    Disabled 65
    Retired 6
% on probation or parole [n=17] 47
Service connection (%) [n=24]
    Non-service connected 58
Branch of military (%) [n=29]
    Army 69
    Navy 14
    Air Force 10
    Marines 3
    Coast Guard 3
Period of military service (%) [n=29]
    Vietnam Era 24
    Post-Vietnam Era 45
    Period around Persian Gulf War 21
    Between Persian Gulf War and 9/11 10
Use of drugs more than 5 times in lifetime (%) [n=17]
    Cocaine/crack/free base 71
    Marijuana/hashish 53
    Self-administered sedatives 35
    Self-administered pain-killers 24
    LSD or other hallucinogens 24
Frequency of alcohol consumption in past year (%) [n=17]
    Never 35
    Monthly or less 35
    2-4 times per month 0
    2+ times per week 24
Use of homeless assistance services in past 30 days (%) [n=17]
    Medical services 76
    Mental health care program 59
    A shelter, mission, or transitional housing program 47
    Alcohol or drug treatment program 47
    Daytime drop-in center 24
    Job or employment services 24
    Vocational rehabilitation services 12
1

Data was incomplete for some demographic items, so the sample size for each item is provided.

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