Table 3.
The Persistence of Sleep Disturbance Across a Five-Year Period in Bipolar Disorder. (The percentages represent the percentage of participants within each year that experienced either a developing, persisting, worsening, improving, or remitting of each type of sleep disturbance).
| Sleep Disturbance | Year 1 – Year 2 | Year 2 – Year 3 | Year 3 – Year 4 | Year 4 – Year 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % of participants | % of participants | % of participants | % of participants | |
| Insomnia | ||||
| Developed | 9.8 | 5.9 | 9.8 | 11.8 |
| Persisted | 56.9 | 49 | 58.8 | 58.8 |
| Worsened | 5.9 | 3.9 | 9.8 | 13.7 |
| Improved | 3.9 | 11.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
| Remitted | 11.8 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
| Hypersomnia | ||||
| Developed | 5.9 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 19.6 |
| Persisted | 9.8 | 11.8 | 15.7 | 7.8 |
| Worsened | 3.9 | 3.9 | 2 | 5.9 |
| Improved | 2 | 2 | 3.9 | 9.8 |
| Remitted | 3.9 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 9.8 |
| Delayed Sleep Phase | ||||
| Developed | 5.9 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 3.9 |
| Persisted | 7.8 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 7.8 |
| Worsened | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Improved | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Remitted | 0 | 7.8 | 3.9 | 2 |
| Reduced Sleep Need | ||||
| Developed | 9.8 | 9.8 | 11.8 | 15.7 |
| Persisted | 7.8 | 5.9 | 7.8 | 5.9 |
| Worsened | 0 | 3.9 | 0 | 3.9 |
| Improved | 0 | 3.9 | 0 | 3.9 |
| Remitted | 15.7 | 3.9 | 15.7 | 5.9 |
| Irregular Sleep Patterns | ||||
| Developed | 7.8 | 2 | 2 | 13.7 |
| Persisted | 11.8 | 13.7 | 9.8 | 5.9 |
| Worsened | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3.9 |
| Improved | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3.9 |
| Remitted | 2 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 2 |