Fig. 3.

Classification of Kampo formulas based on Sho patient constitutions by PLS regression analysis. a Y values assigned to Kampo formulas. Negative and positive Y values suggest Deficiency and Excess, respectively. Black line indicates predicted Y values of Kampo formulas. Gray line shows the actual Y values, where −1 and 1 indicate Deficiency and Excess, respectively. The 7 formulas surrounded by a dotted line were contrary to prescriptions for Deficiency and Excess. b Regression coefficients (b) of crude drugs in Kampo medicines. Negative and positive values suggest the contribution of crude drugs to Deficiency and Excess, respectively