(A) U87/IDH1(R132H) cells have increased vulnerability to glucose starvation (***P < 0.001).
(B-D) Octyl α-KG or octyl 2-HG treated U87 cells exhibit decreased viability upon glucose starvation (****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05).
(E) ATP5B knockdown inhibits U87 cell growth (***P = 0.0004).
(A-E) Cells were cultured in galactose medium.
(F) HCT 116 IDH1(R132H/+) cells exhibit increased vulnerability to glucose-free medium supplemented with (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (***P < 0.001).
(G-I) U87 cells with ATP5B knockdown or octyl esters of α-KG or 2-HG treatment and HCT 116 IDH1(R132H/+) cells exhibit decreased mTOR Complex 1 activity in glucose-free, galactose-containing medium. All lanes in (I) are on the same blot; space indicates position of unnecessary lanes that were digitally removed. Octanol has no effect on mTOR activity.
(A-F) By unpaired t-test, two-tailed, two-sample unequal variance. Mean ± s.d. is plotted. (A-I) Results were replicated in at least two independent experiments.