Table 4.

Incidence of TVC-related complications

Catheter-related complications	TVCs
	Right internal jugular vein	Left internal jugular vein	Femoral vein	External jugular vein	Subclavian vein
Infection
Exit-site infection
%	14.35	15.31	37.5	16	16.22
Times/1000 catheter-days	4.93	5.06	10.68	5.26	5.16
Tunnel infection
%	11.96	13.27	18.75	12	13.51
Times/1000 catheter-days	2.76	2.68	3.56	2.72	2.75
CRBSI
%	34.45	34.70	43.75	36	35.14
Times/1000 catheter-days	6.69	6.49	10.08	6.62	6.42
Dysfunction
Thrombus
%	39.71	58.16	62.5	40	37.84
Times/1000 catheter-days	7.96	13.94	14.83	7.81	7.68
Fibrin shell
%	38.76	37.76	37.5	36	37.84
Times/1000 catheter-days	2.15	2.03	2.08	2.21	2.29
Malposition or kinking
%	11.48	29.51	43.75	12	13.51
Times/1000 catheter-days	2.07	3.25	3.26	2.21	2.19
Central venous stenosis
%	12.44	27.55	0	28	27.03
Times/1000 catheter-days	0.59	1.17	0	1.19	1.15

The presence of a fibrin shell and central venous stenosis had to be demonstrated by imaging before it was included in statistical analysis.

CRBSI, catheter-related bloodstream infection; TVC, tunnelled vascular catheter.