Table 2.
Regulatory limits of food and feed mycotoxins in USA and EU.
| Foods or Feeds | Nations | Mycotoxin | Products | Limits (μg/kg) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food | USA (Action level) | Aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2) | Brazil nut, peanut, peanut products, pistachio nut | 20 | |||
| Aflatoxin M1 | Milk | 0.5 | |||||
| USA (Guidance level) | Fumonisin (B1, B2, B3) | Maize, maize products | 2000–4000 | ||||
| Deoxynivalenol | Wheat and wheat products | 1000 | |||||
| EU | Mycotoxins | Cereal and its products | Limits (μg/kg) | ||||
| B1 | B1 + B2 + G1 + G2 | M1 | |||||
| Aflatoxin | Peanut, nut products, grains, and maize | 2.0–12.0 | 4.0–15.0 | - | |||
| Raw milk and milk products | - | - | 0.05 | ||||
| Grain products for infants and baby food | 0.1 | - | - | ||||
| Products for infants | - | - | 0.025 | ||||
| Ochratoxin A | Grains, fruits, coffee beans, wine, and grape Juice | 2.0–10.0 | |||||
| Products for infants | 0.5 | ||||||
| Fumonisin (B1+B2) | Maize and its products | 200–4000 | |||||
| Deoxynivalenol | Non-processed grain products | 1250–1750 | |||||
| Processed grain products | 500–750 | ||||||
| Products for infants | 200 | ||||||
| Feed | USA | Fumonisin | Animal feed | Horses and rabbits | 1000 | ||
| Swine | 10,000 | ||||||
| Cow, sheep and goat | 30,000 | ||||||
| Ruminants and poultry | 15,000 | ||||||
| Butchering poultry | 50,000 | ||||||
| Deoxynivalenol | Grains and grain products (>50% grain for cow or chicken) | 10,000 | |||||
| Grains and grain products (>40% grain for cow or chicken) | 5000 | ||||||
| Grains and grain products digested by sheep | 5000 | ||||||
| EU | Aflatoxin B1 | Complete feeding stuffs for cattle, sheep and goat | 20 | ||||
| complete feeding stuffs for dairy animals | 5 | ||||||
| complete feeding stuffs for calves and lambs | 10 | ||||||
| Complete feeding stuffs for pigs and poultry (except young animals) | 20 | ||||||
| Other complete feeding stuffs | 10 | ||||||
| Complementary feeding stuffs for cattle, sheep and goats (except complementary feeding stuffs for dairy animals, calves and lambs) | 20 | ||||||
| Complementary feeding stuffs for pigs and poultry (except young animals) | 20 | ||||||
| Other complementary feeding stuffs | 5 | ||||||
| Deoxynivalenol | cereals and cereal products with the exception of maize by-products | 8000 | |||||
| maize by-products | 12,000 | ||||||
| Complementary and complete feeding stuffs with the exception of maize by-products | 5000 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for pigs | 900 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for calves (<4 months), lambs and kids | 2000 | ||||||
| Zearalenone | cereals and cereal products with the exception of maize by-products | 2000 | |||||
| maize by-products | 3000 | ||||||
| Complementary and complete feeding stuffs | |||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for piglets and gilts (young sows) | 100 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for sows and fattening pigs | 250 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for calves, dairy cattle, sheep (including lambs) and goats (including kids) | 500 | ||||||
| Ochratoxin A | cereals and cereal products | 250 | |||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for pigs | 50 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for poultry | 100 | ||||||
| Fumonisin B1 and B2 | maize and maize products | 60,000 | |||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for pigs, horses, rabbits and pet animals | 5000 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for fish | 10,000 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for poultry, calves (<4 months) and mink | 20,000 | ||||||
| complementary and complete feeding stuffs for adult ruminants (>4 months) and mink | 50 | ||||||