Table 4.
Dietary intake of energy and nutrients obtained from participants’ food diary records at week 1, 4, 8 and 12 (n = 15 in each group).
| Nutrient | Study Group | Week 1 | Week 4 | Week 8 | Week 12 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | Experimental | 8585 ± 2705 | 7717 ± 1784 | 6742 ± 1427 | 6726 ± 1306 | Group | 0.08 |
| (kJ/day) | Placebo | 9161 ± 3316 | 7923 ± 1235 | 8660 ± 2172 | 8611 ± 1888 * | Time | 0.03 |
| Interaction | 0.1 | ||||||
| Protein | Experimental | 94 ± 31 | 97 ± 19 | 70 ± 12 | 77 ± 10 | Group | 0.02 |
| (g/day) | Placebo | 105 ± 47 | 110 ± 40 | 107 ± 28 | 110 ± 37 | Time | 0.1 |
| Interaction | 0.1 | ||||||
| Carbohydrates | Experimental | 225 ± 62 | 200 ± 57 | 191 ± 53 | 179 ± 36 | Group | 0.5 |
| (g/day) | Placebo | 238 ± 83 | 190 ± 41 | 220 ± 71 | 200 ± 70 * | Time | 0.04 |
| Interaction | 0.4 | ||||||
| Total fat | Experimental | 79 ± 43 | 66 ± 24 | 53 ± 13 * | 54 ± 14 | Group | 0.1 |
| (g/day) | Placebo | 84 ± 39 | 71 ± 22 | 71 ± 31 * | 81 ± 21 * | Time | 0.02 |
| Interaction | 0.2 | ||||||
| Saturated fat | Experimental | 32 ± 18 | 23 ± 9 * | 20 ± 6 * | 23 ± 9 | Group | 0.8 |
| (g/day) | Placebo | 32 ± 17 | 24 ± 7 * | 23 ± 12 * | 23 ± 7 * | Time | 0.01 |
| Interaction | 0.2 | ||||||
| Sodium | Experimental | 2703 ± 824 | 2518 ± 716 | 2571 ± 531 | 2628 ± 820 | Group | 0.8 |
| (mg/day) | Placebo | 3072 ± 1272 | 2350 ± 532 | 2504 ± 877 | 2698 ± 624 | Time | 0.06 |
| Interaction | 0.4 | ||||||
| Alcohol | Experimental | 7 ± 19 | 0.3 ± 1 | 0.7 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 | Group | 0.8 |
| (g/day) | Placebo | 7 ± 9 | 2 ± 4 | 2 ± 4 | 0.7 ± 2 | Time | 0.07 |
| Interaction | 0.8 | ||||||
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, compared to baseline for each intervention.