(A) The islets+MSC sheets adhered to GP. The islets+MSC sheets were attached to the surrounding tissue. The implanted islets+MSC sheets are indicated by a dashed line. (B) The blood glucose levels of diabetic sham-operated (DM-sham) mice (n=5) and those of the recipient mice: 2000 islets alone (n=5), MSC sheet alone (n=5), 2000 islets with MSCs (n=5), two islets+MSC sheets (1000 islets) (n=5), and four islets+MSC sheets (2000 islets) (n=6). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared to the DM-sham group. (C) Body weight changes in the recipient mice treated with four islets+MSC sheets (2000 islets; black circles, n=6) and the DM-sham mice (white squares, n=5). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared to the DM-sham group. (D) The recipient mice were transplanted with four islets+MSC sheets (2000 islets; black circles, n=6). The graft tissue was surgically removed on day 84. †Graft removal. (E) The IPGTT was performed in the normal SCID mice (white circles, n=9) and recipient mice treated with four islets+MSC sheets (2000 islets; black circles, n=6) on day 56. DM, diabetes mellitus; GP, glass plates; IPGTT, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests; SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency.