Table 1:
Anion concentrations in Afzal samples determined by ion-exchange chromatography
| Afzal sample* | Anion levels in µg/g | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluoride | Chloride | Nitrite | Bromide | Nitrate | Phosphate | Sulphate | |
| 1A | 16.73 | 1,639.21 | 0.29 | 4.49 | 432.49 | 1.98 | 73.23 |
| 1B | 16.67 | 1,639.71 | ND | ND | 432.91 | 1.92 | 74.59 |
| 2A | 17.11 | 1,677.85 | 0.36 | 4.30 | 447.34 | 1.77 | 75.06 |
| 2B | 17.05 | 1,678.62 | 0.32 | 4.30 | 446.46 | ND | 76.59 |
| 3A | 17.05 | 1,656.96 | 0.30 | 1.91 | 438.56 | ND | 76.05 |
| 3B | 17.06 | 1,658.87 | 0.30 | 1.90 | 439.90 | ND | 75.12 |
| Mean concentration ± SD | 16.95 ± 0.19 | 1,658.54 ± 17.36 | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 3.38 ± 1.35 | 439.61 ± 6.38 | 1.89 ± 0.11 | 75.11 ± 1.17 |
| Concentration | 339.00 | 33,170.80 | 6.22 | 67.60 | 8,792.20 | 37.80 | 1,502.20 |
| Instrument detection limit in ppm | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
ND = not detected; SD = standard deviation; ppm = parts per million.
*
Three Afzal samples were tested, of which each was injected twice into the ion-exchange chromatography instrument (A and B).