| Maternal Engagement (18 months) |
Mother teaches child songs (1 = yes, 2 = no) |
0.92 (0.27) |
0.91 (0.28) |
|
Mother teaches nursery rhymes(1 = yes, 2 = no) |
0.95 (0.22) |
0.92 (0.27) |
|
Mother sings to child (1–4: 1 = almost daily, 4 = never) |
3.45 (0.9) |
3.35 (1.00) |
|
Mother reads to child (1–4: 1 = almost daily, 4 = never) |
3.6 (0.75) |
3.47 (0.86) |
|
Mother plays games with child (1–4: 1 = almost daily, 4 = never) |
3.64 (0.76) |
3.58 (0.76) |
|
Mother has physical play with child (1–4: 1 = almost daily, 4 = never) |
3.36 (0.92) |
3.3 (0.99) |
| Negative Child Perception (4 weeks) |
Baby is placid (1–5: 1 = very like, 5 = very unlike) |
2.21 (1.1) |
2.29 (1.17) |
|
Baby is grizzly (1–5: 1 = very like, 5 = very unlike) |
3.72 (1.2) |
3.54 (1.25) |
|
Baby is fretful (1–5: 1 = very like, 5 = very unlike) |
3.92 (1.1) |
3.82 (1.15) |
|
Baby is angry (1–5: 1 = very like, 5 = very unlike) |
4.17 (0.96) |
4.02 (1.06) |
|
Baby is stubborn (1–5: 1 = very like, 5 = very unlike) |
3.65 (1.2) |
3.48 (1.28) |
| Positive Child Perception (4 weeks) |
Mother feels known by baby (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
1.07 (0.29) |
1.11 (0.34) |
|
Baby smiles (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
2.11 (1.02) |
1.95 (1.03) |
|
Baby laughs (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
3.22 (1.15) |
3.07 (1.31) |
|
Baby is communicative (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
1.99 (0.81) |
2.12 (0.89) |
|
Baby is sociable (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
1.87 (0.82) |
1.97 (0.85) |
|
Baby is happy (1 = yes, 2 = not sure, 3 = no) |
1.3 (0.51) |
1.3 (0.52) |
| Child Non-verbal Communication (15 months) |
Child extends arm to show something held (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.86 (0.36) |
2.8 (0.45) |
|
Child points to interesting object (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.92 (0.29) |
2.86 (0.36) |
|
Child waves unprompted at someone (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.89 (0.36) |
2.79 (2.79) |
|
Child extends arms to be picked up (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.84 (0.4) |
2.76 (0.48) |
|
Child shakes head ‘no’ (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.9 (0.32) |
2.87 (0.40) |
|
Child nods head ‘yes’ (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.54 (0.75) |
2.51(0.75) |
|
Child puts finger to lips to hush (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
1.95 (0.92) |
1.84 (0.88) |
|
Child opens & closes hand to ask for item (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
1.38 (0.7) |
1.36 (0.70) |
|
Child blows kiss from a distance (1 = not yet, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often) |
2.13 (0.83) |
2.16 (0.83) |
| Positive Views of Parenting (8 months & 21 months) |
Mother feel her baby is fun (1–4: 1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.7 (0.76) |
1.58 (0.80) |
|
Mother feels fulfilled by baby (1–4: 1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
2.12 (0.94) |
1.84 (0.78) |
|
Mother takes pleasure in baby’s development (1–4: 1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.17 (0.44) |
2.3 (0.98) |
|
Mother enjoys her baby (1–4: 1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.63 (0.64) |
1.21 (0.50) |
|
Mother feels child gives her great joy (1–4: 1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.17 (0.44) |
1.64 (0.65) |
|
Mother feels pleasure watching her child grow (1–4:1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.12 (0.35) |
1.28 (0.56) |
|
Mother feels glad she had child when she did (1–4:1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.24 (0.6) |
1.28 (0.57) |
|
Mother really loves her child (1–4:1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.06 (0.25) |
1.36 (0.69) |
|
Mother feels her child is fun (1–4:1 = exact feeling, 4 = never feels) |
1.65 (0.65) |
1.11 (0.38) |
