Table 1.

Demographic and clinical manifestations of SLE patients at enrollment

Number of Patients	1047
Gender
Female	933 (89.1%)
Male	114 (10.9%)
Age (years) (mean ± SD)	35.2 ± 13.7
Race/Ethnicity:
Caucasian	545 (52.1%)
Asian	225 (21.5%)
African	160 (15.3%)
Hispanic	73 (7.0%)
Other	44 (4.2%)
Single/Married/Other	481 (45.9%)/435 (41.6%)/131(12.5%)
Post secondary education	672 (66.9%) (range 36.4–100%)
Disease duration (months) (mean ± SD)	5.4 ± 4.2
Number of ACR criteria (mean ± SD)	4.9 ± 1.0
Cumulative ACR manifestations
Malar rash	364 (34.8%)
Discoid rash	118 (11.3%)
Photosensitivity	368 (35.1 %)
Oral/nasopharyngeal ulcers	391 (37.3%)
Serositis	280 (26.7%)
Arthritis	759 (72.5%)
Renal disorder	278 (26.6%)
Neurological disorder	57 (5.4%)
Hematologic disorder	639 (61.0%)
Immunologic disorder	807 (77.1%)
Antinuclear antibody	1017 (97.1%)
SLEDAI score (mean ± SD)	5.5 ± 5.4
SLICC/ACR damage index score (mean ± SD)	0.24 ± 0.67
Medications
Corticosteroids	718 (68.6%)
Antimalarials	690 (65.9%)
Immunosuppressants	402 (38.4%)
ASA	144 (13.8%)
Antidepressants	104 (9.9%)
Warfarin	58 (5.5%)
Anticonvulsants	37 (3.5%)
Antipsychotics	6 (0.6%)