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. 2015 Nov;77(4):551–561.

Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) of selected explanatory factors of contraceptive use among women in Afghanistan.

Variables Unadjusted OR (95%CI) P-value Adjusted ORa
(95%CI)
P-value
Age
<20 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
20–24 2.40 (1.62–3.56) <0.001  3.03 (2.03–4.52) <0.001
25–29 3.80 (2.60–5.58) <0.001  5.40 (3.64–7.99) <0.001
30–34 6.30 (4.30–9.24) <0.001  9.10 (6.14–13.49) <0.001
35–39 6.68 (4.56–9.78) <0.001 10.14 (6.84–15.03) <0.001
40–44 7.78 (5.30–11.43) <0.001 11.43 (7.69–16.99) <0.001
45–49 5.06 (3.43–7.47) <0.001  7.50 (5.02–11.21) <0.001
Residence
Rural 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Urban 3.15 (2.72–3.653) <0.001  1.69 (1.37–2.07) <0.001
Region
Central 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Southeast 1.15 (0.94–1.43) 0.176  1.39 (1.11–1.73) 0.003
East 0.60 (0.46–0.78) <0.001  0.77 (0.59–1.01) 0.065
Northeast 0.45 (0.36–0.56) <0.001  0.60 (0.48–0.75) <0.001
North 1.05 (0.89–1.24) 0.515  1.55 (1.30–1.85) <0.001
West 1.56 (1.26–1.92) <0.001  1.84 (1.47–2.30) <0.001
South 3.42 (2.85–4.10) <0.001  3.20 (2.62–3.92) <0.001
Central Highlands 2.24 (1.88–2.67) <0.001  3.28 (2.71–3.97) <0.001
Education
No education 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Primary 1.23 (0.96–1.58) 0.093  1.43 (1.09–1.88) 0.009
Secondary or higher 1.49 (1.20–1.85) <0.001  1.62 (1.26–2.08) <0.001
Media
No exposure 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
At least some exposure 1.67 (1.51–1.85) <0.001  1.15 (1.01–1.30) 0.024
Wealth categories
Poorest 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Second 1.25 (1.08–1.44) 0.002  1.34 (1.15–1.56) <0.001
Third 1.59 (1.37–1.84) <0.001  1.72 (1.45–2.04) <0.001
Fourth 1.87 (1.57–2.23) <0.001  1.82 (1.48–2.24) <0.001
Richest 3.20 (2.75–3.72) <0.001  2.14 (1.72–2.67) <0.001
Parity
1 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
2–3 2.03 (1.55–2.65) <0.001  2.08 (1.57–2.75) <0.001
4–5 3.05 (2.35–3.95) <0.001  2.70 (2.01–3.65) <0.001
6 or more 4.08 (3.18–5.24) <0.001  3.45 (2.54–4.06) <0.001
Number of living sons
0 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
1–2 1.76 (1.43–2.17) <0.001  1.64 (1.31–2.05) <0.001
3–4 2.63 (2.12–3.25) <0.001  2.07 (1.63–2.64) <0.001
5 or more 3.33 (2.60–4.26) <0.001  2.48 (1.86–3.29) <0.001
Number of living daughters
0 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
1–2 1.50 (1.28–1.77) <0.001  1.38 (1.16–1.65) <0.001
3–4 1.93 (1.62–2.30) <0.001  1.39 (1.14–1.70) 0.001
5 or more 1.79 (1.38–2.31) <0.001  1.20 (0.90–1.60) 0.194
Child mortality experience
No 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Yes 1.04 (0.92–1.16) 0.521  0.88 (0.77–0.99) 0.04
ANCb visit in last two year
No 1 (Reference)  1 (Reference)
Yes 2.71 (2.23–3.27) <0.001  2.13 (1.74–2.62) <0.001

a) Odds ratios adjusted for age, residence, region, education, media, and wealth index quintile

b)Antenatal care