Figure 3.
Effects of particle properties on lymph node accumulation. (a) Accumulation of 20 nm and 500 nm fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles to the draining popliteal lymph nodes at 40 min, 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 8 days following subcutaneous injection in the footpad. Arrows point to injection site in footpad and arrowheads point to draining popliteal lymph nodes. (b) Localization of 20 nm and 1000 nm polystyrene nanoparticles (green) in the draining popliteal lymph node at 2 h, 48 h, and 8 days following subcutaneous injection in the footpad. B220 staining shows lymph node B cell follicles in red. (c) Accumulation of 100 nm and 25 nm fluorescent PPS nanoparticles (red) in the draining lymph node at 24 h after intradermal injection. Cell nuclei stained with DAPI are shown in blue. Scale bar = 200 μm. (e) Flow cytometry histograms showing CD11c+ DCs isolated from the draining lymph nodes after intradermal injection of fluorescent 100 nm and 25 nm particles (black) or mock (gray). a–c from [93]. d, e from [113].