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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2014;24(0):205–212. doi: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2014010428

Table 1. Research participant characteristics (N=36).

Characteristic Value
Age (yr) 67.8±10.0
Female sex 29 (80.6)
Race/ethnicity
 African American 28 (77.8)
 Hispanic 6 (16.7)
 Not specifed 2 (5.6)
Annual income ($)
 <20,000 14 (38.9)
 20,000–40,000 6 (16.7)
 41,000–60,000 7 (19.4)
 >61,000 5 (13.9)
 Not speciified 4 (11.1)
Education level
 More than fifth grade, did not finish high school 5 (13.9)
 High school or GED 14 (38.9)
 College or trade school 14 (38.9)
 More than college 2 (5.6)
 Not specified 4 (11.1)
On Medicaid or Medicare
 Yes 25 (70)
 No 6 (17)
 No information 5 (14)
Number of people living in the household 2.2±1.2
WOMAC Index 50.0±15.0
 Pain subscale 12±3.1
 Stiffness subscale 5±2.5
 Physical function 33±10.6

Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD.