Table 4.

The effect of TC (42 °C for 6 h; posthatch day 28) during 4 time terminals (at the beginning and after 1, 3 and 5 h of TC) on selected enzymes activities of broiler chicks subjected to different TM protocols at ED 12–18 (n = 5)

Parameters	Groups	Treatments
		Control	TM1	TM2	TM3	TM4
ALT	TN	5.5 ± 1.7 aw	6.5 ± 1.9 aw	5.5 ± 0.7 aw	7.0 ± 1.4 aw	6.5 ± 0.7 aw
	TC1	6.0 ± 2.4 aw	8.5 ± 2.1 aw	8.0 ± 1.9 aw	9.5 ± 1.5 aw	8.5 ± 1.5 aw
	TC3	7.5 ± 0.4 aw	9.0 ± 1.7 aw	7.5 ± 0.7 aw	8.5 ± 0.7 aw	8.5 ± 1.6 aw
	TC5	5.5 ± 2.1 aw	6.0 ± 1.6 aw	8.5 ± 1.5 aw	9.0 ± 1.6 aw	9.5 ± 1.7 aw
AST	TN	80.5 ± 0.7 aw	75.8 ± 4.1 aw	76.5 ± 3.5 aw	83.5 ± 2.3 aw	83.5 ± 6.4 aw
	TC1	80.5 ± 6.4 aw	76.5 ± 7.6 aw	80.0 ± 1.4 aw	83.5 ± 2.0 aw	81.0 ± 8.5 aw
	TC3	85.0 ± 2.8 aw	70.0 ± 1.2 aw	77.0 ± 1.4 aw	72.0 ± 2.9 aw	76.0 ± 4.2 aw
	TC5	87.5 ± 7.7 aw	80.5 ± 4.9 aw	77.5 ± 6.4 aw	70.0 ± 3.2 aw	80.5 ± 3.5 aw
GGT	TN	10.5 ± 3.5 aw	11.5 ± 0.7 aw	11.5 ± 0.7 aw	12.5 ± 0.7 aw	11.0 ± 1.4 aw
	TC1	11.5 ± 0.7 aw	11.5 ± 0.7 aw	11.8 ± 0.6 aw	10.5 ± 2.1 aw	12.5 ± 0.7 aw
	TC3	11.5 ± 1.0 aw	12.0 ± 0.7 aw	12.5 ± 0.7 aw	12.0 ± 1.4 aw	12.5 ± 0.7 dw
	TC5	11.5 ± 0.9 aw	9.5 ± 2.1 aw	12.5 ± 0.5 aw	10.0 ± 1.2 aw	11.0 ± 0 .9 aw
CK	TN	1276 ± 79aw	1277 ± 100 aw	1394 ± 98 aw	1239 ± 99 aw	1293 ± 141 aw
	TC1	1202 ± 80 aw	1314 ± 108 aw	1182 ± 150 aw	1135 ± 161 aw	1205 ± 138 aw
	TC3	1310 ± 100 aw	1410 ± 100 aw	1253 ± 138 aw	1239 ± 163 aw	1285 ± 124 aw
	TC5	1239 ± 95 aw	1307 ± 150 aw	1257 ± 96 aw	1205 ± 144 aw	1265 ± 90 aw

Control 37.8 °C, TM ₁ Thermal manipulation at 38.5 °C for 18 h, TM ₂ Thermal manipulation at 39 °C for 18 h, TM ₃ Thermal manipulation at 39.5 °C for 18 h, TM ₄ Thermal manipulation at 40 °C for 18 h, TC Thermal challenged

^a–d within rows, means ± SD with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05)

^w-z Between naïve and TC chicks within a parameter, means ± SD with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05)