Table 3.

Main Indications and contra-indications for valvular surgery during ICU stay

Timing of surgery	Indications	Number of patients with contra-indications	Contra-indications
Emergency n = 69	Cardiogenic shock n = 41 Refractory pulmonary oedema n = 28	33 (47.8 %)	Multiple organ failure n = 16 Hemorrhagic stroke n = 8 Severe underlying diseases n = 7 Risk of extra cerebral hemorrhage n = 2
Urgent n = 102	Very large vegetations = 43 Large vegetations and embolic episodes n = 21 Annular abscess n = 27 Uncontrolled infection n = 8 Severe acute regurgitation n = 3	50 (49 %)	Risk of cerebral hemorrhage n = 22 Multiple organ failure n = 16 Severe underlying diseases n = 11 Risk of extra cerebral haemorrhage n = 1
Elective n = 15	Severe regurgitation without heart failure n = 12 Severe prosthetic dehiscence n = 3	2 (13.3 %)	Severe underlying diseases n = 1 Multiple organ failure n = 1