Table 3.

Proposed recommended standard cascade format

Cascade element	Data source	Definitions, methods
Infected	HIV notifications plus clinical linked individual data or mandatory CD4 cell count and viral load	Back-calculation based on complete data sets*
Diagnosed	HIV notifications	Investigation for undetected migration or death
Linked	Clinical linked individual data or mandatory CD4 cell count and viral load	Within three months of diagnosis
Retained	Clinical linked individual data or mandatory CD4 cell count and viral load	One episode in the most recent year
On treatment	Clinical linked individual data or representative sample	Dispensed or prescribed
Suppressed	Clinical linked individual data or mandatory CD4 cell count and viral load	Viral load <200 copies/ml

^*For example Jansson et al. [39] proposed back-calculation based on complete data set of CD4 count.