Fig. 1. Total phenolic content of a water-soluble fraction of Smilax china L. leaf ethanol extract (wsSCLE) and its effects on cell viability.

(A) The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were expressed as mg of gallic acid and quercetin equivalents per g of dry extract. (B) Effect of wsSCLE on the viability of 3T3-L1 cells. Cells were treated with wsSCLE at 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/mL for 24 h. Cell viability was determined using a MTT assay kit. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of triplicate experiments, ^* P < 0.05 compared to control cells (white bar).