Table 2.
Variable | Sick care | Comfort | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
Like–kind | Spillover | |||
Downward instrumental transfer (ref.: gave support in neither year) | ||||
Gave support in 1993 only | 1.36** | 1.34** | 1.05 | 1.06 |
Gave support in 2004 only | 1.84*** | 1.82*** | 1.07 | 1.08 |
Gave support in both years | 2.34*** | 2.31*** | 1.07 | 1.07 |
Upward instrumental transfer (ref.: received support in neither year) | ||||
Received support in 1993 only | 1.42** | 1.41** | 1.13 | 1.13 |
Received support in 2004 only | 2.06*** | 2.05*** | 1.27* | 1.28* |
Received support in both years | 3.20*** | 3.10*** | 1.31* | 1.33* |
Spillover | Like–kind | |||
Downward emotional transfer (ref.: gave support in neither year) | ||||
Gave support in 1993 only | 1.18 | 1.18 | 1.31** | 1.31** |
Gave support in 2004 only | 1.59** | 1.59** | 1.68*** | 1.68*** |
Gave support in both years | 1.45** | 1.44** | 1.74*** | 1.74*** |
Upward emotional transfer (ref.: received support in neither year) | ||||
Received support in 1993 only | 1.24 | 1.24 | 1.54*** | 1.55*** |
Received support in 2004 only | 1.59** | 1.60** | 2.49*** | 2.49*** |
Received support in both years | 1.52** | 1.53** | 4.76*** | 4.76*** |
Men | 1.09 | 1.27* | 0.88 | 0.84* |
Marital status (ref.: continuously married) | ||||
Remarried | 0.46*** | 0.49*** | 0.65*** | 0.69** |
Divorced | 0.59*** | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.71* |
Widowed | 0.73 | 0.86 | 0.97 | 0.88 |
Men × remarried | 0.89 | 0.91 | ||
Men × divorced | 0.44** | 1.62* | ||
Men × widowed | 0.54 | 1.57 | ||
Education | 0.94*** | 0.94*** | 0.97* | 0.97* |
Self-rated health | 1.12 | 1.13* | 1.13* | 1.13* |
Depressive symptoms | 0.97*** | 0.97*** | 0.97*** | 0.97*** |
Number of daughters | 1.42*** | 1.42*** | 1.08** | 1.08** |
Number of sons | 1.12** | 1.13** | 0.95 | 0.95 |
Lived with a child | 1.25 | 1.23 | 0.72** | 0.73** |
Intercept | 2.41* | 2.31* | 1.57 | 1.58 |
Pseudo R2 | .24 | .24 | .16 | .16 |
Note: ref. = reference category.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001 (two-tailed).