Table 2.

Odds Ratios From Logistic Regressions of Older Adults’ Expected Support on Intergenerational Exchange and Other Covariates (N = 5, 023)

Variable	Sick care		Comfort
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
	Like–kind		Spillover
Downward instrumental transfer (ref.: gave support in neither year)
Gave support in 1993 only	1.36**	1.34**	1.05	1.06
Gave support in 2004 only	1.84***	1.82***	1.07	1.08
Gave support in both years	2.34***	2.31***	1.07	1.07
Upward instrumental transfer (ref.: received support in neither year)
Received support in 1993 only	1.42**	1.41**	1.13	1.13
Received support in 2004 only	2.06***	2.05***	1.27*	1.28*
Received support in both years	3.20***	3.10***	1.31*	1.33*
	Spillover		Like–kind
Downward emotional transfer (ref.: gave support in neither year)
Gave support in 1993 only	1.18	1.18	1.31**	1.31**
Gave support in 2004 only	1.59**	1.59**	1.68***	1.68***
Gave support in both years	1.45**	1.44**	1.74***	1.74***
Upward emotional transfer (ref.: received support in neither year)
Received support in 1993 only	1.24	1.24	1.54***	1.55***
Received support in 2004 only	1.59**	1.60**	2.49***	2.49***
Received support in both years	1.52**	1.53**	4.76***	4.76***
Men	1.09	1.27*	0.88	0.84*
Marital status (ref.: continuously married)
Remarried	0.46***	0.49***	0.65***	0.69**
Divorced	0.59***	0.84	0.86	0.71*
Widowed	0.73	0.86	0.97	0.88
Men × remarried		0.89		0.91
Men × divorced		0.44**		1.62*
Men × widowed		0.54		1.57
Education	0.94***	0.94***	0.97*	0.97*
Self-rated health	1.12	1.13*	1.13*	1.13*
Depressive symptoms	0.97***	0.97***	0.97***	0.97***
Number of daughters	1.42***	1.42***	1.08**	1.08**
Number of sons	1.12**	1.13**	0.95	0.95
Lived with a child	1.25	1.23	0.72**	0.73**
Intercept	2.41*	2.31*	1.57	1.58
Pseudo R2	.24	.24	.16	.16

Note: ref. = reference category.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001 (two-tailed).