Table 1.
Demographic, cognitive and pathological characteristicsa of MAP participants included in the present study
| Variable | All participants (n = 308) | NCI (n = 90) | MCI (n = 86) | Dementia (n = 132) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Female, no. (%) | 194 (63 %) | 64 (71 %) | 48 (56 %) | 82 (62 %) |
| Age at death, years | 88.8 ± 6.0 | 86.8 ± 6.3 | 88.1 ± 6.4 | 90.7 ± 5.0 |
| Education, years | 14.4 ± 2.8 | 14.0 ± 2.4 | 14.7 ± 2.5 | 14.5 ± 3.2 |
| Race, no. W:AA:NA | 300:7:1 | 86:4:0 | 84:1:1 | 130:2:0 |
| APOE ε4 allele, no. (%) | 84 (27 %) | 15 (17 %) | 22 (26 %) | 47 (36 %) |
| PMI, hours | 7.2 ± 4.8 | 6.9 ± 4.4 | 8.1 ± 5.5 | 6.7 ± 4.6 |
| Cognitive function proximate to death | ||||
| Global cognition score | −0.85 ± 1.09 | 0.16 ± 0.41 | −0.43 ± 0.45 | −1.83 ± 0.88 |
| Episodic memory | −0.84 ± 1.19 | 0.34 ± 0.48 | −0.55 ± 0.70 | −1.84 ± 0.90 |
| Semantic memory | −0.70 ± 1.23 | 0.12 ± 0.56 | −0.19 ± 0.53 | −1.61 ± 1.31 |
| Working memory | −0.66 ± 1.14 | 0.16 ± 0.77 | −0.29 ± 0.79 | −1.50 ± 1.01 |
| Perceptual speed | −1.13 ± 1.13 | −0.28 ± 0.85 | −0.70 ± 0.88 | −2.02 ± 0.77 |
| Visuospatial ability | −0.63 ± 1.23 | 0.12 ± 0.62 | −0.16 ± 0.78 | −1.49 ± 1.29 |
| MMSE | 21.3 ± 8.8 | 28.1 ± 1.8 | 25.7 ± 3.8 | 13.6 ± 8.2 |
| Pathological | ||||
| NIA/Reagan scale, no. in 1:2:3:4b | 49:135:120:4 | 4:25:59:2 | 4:44:36:2 | 41:66:25:0 |
| CERAD scale, no. in 1:2:3:4c | 95:99:40:74 | 13:21:19:37 | 19:31:13:23 | 63:47:8:14 |
| Braak stage, no. in 0:I:II:III: | 4:20:33:91: | 2:14:16:33: | 2:2:14:28: | 0:4:3:30: |
| IV:V:VI | 88: 67:5 | 21:4:0 | 30:10:0 | 37:53:5 |
| Global AD pathology | 0.69 ± 0.62 | 0.38 ± 0.39 | 0.60 ± 0.57 | 0.97 ± 0.66 |
| Macroinfarcts, no. (%) | 108 (35 %) | 20 (22 %) | 29 (34 %) | 59 (45 %) |
| Microinfarcts, no. (%) | 71 (23 %) | 20 (22 %) | 14 (16 %) | 37 (28 %) |
| Lewy body disease, no. (%) | 27 (9 %) | 2 (2 %) | 4 (5 %) | 21 (16 %) |
| Hippocampal sclerosis, no. (%) | 26 (8 %) | 1 (1 %) | 5 (6 %) | 20 (15 %) |
Abbreviations: AA Afro-American, AD, Alzheimer’s disease, BL baseline, CERAD Consortium to establish a registry for AD, MCI mild cognitive impairment, MMSE mini mental state examination, NA Native-American, NCI no cognitive impairment, NIA National Institute on Aging, no number of subjects, PMI postmortem interval, SD standard deviation, W White
aValues are mean ± SD unless noted otherwise
bNIA/Reagan scale: high (1), intermediate (2), low (3), or no (4) likelihood of AD, according to neuritic plaques and tangles
cCERAD scale: definite (1), possible (2), probable (3), or no (4) AD, according to neuritic plaques