Table 1.
Comparison of mental health profiles among the study groups
| Study variable | M ± SD or % |
F | Post hoc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All children | Children living in Mexico with deported parents (a) | Children remaining in the US after parental deportation (b) | Children whose parents were not undergoing deportation (c) | |||
| Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)/Youth Self-Report (YSR) | ||||||
| Affective problems | 4.94 ± 4.06 | 4.54 ± 3.88 | 7.00 ± 5.15 | 4.07 ± 3.04 | 3.12 | – |
| Anxiety problems | 4.03 ± 2.48 | 4.43 ± 2.85 | 4.12 ± 2.47 | 3.56 ± 2.06 | 0.86 | – |
| Somatic problems | 2.31 ± 2.15 | 2.18 ± 1.96 | 3.06 ± 2.14 | 1.96 ± 2.31 | 1.45 | – |
| Attention deficit/hyperactivity problems | 5.11 ± 2.80 | 4.75 ± 2.46 | 6.65 ± 2.60 | 4.52 ± 2.98 | 3.66* | b > c |
| Oppositional defiant problems | 3.25 ± 1.90 | 3.25 ± 2.01 | 3.65 ± 1.93 | 3.00 ± 1.78 | 0.6 | – |
| Conduct problems | 3.44 ± 2.96 | 3.54 ± 2.65 | 3.82 ± 3.32 | 3.11 ± 3.12 | 0.32 | – |
| Children's Depression Inventory-2 | ||||||
| Total | 54.0 ± 10.7 | 57.0 ± 10.8 | 54.7 ± 13.7 | 50.9 ± 7.95 | 2.78 | – |
| Emotional problems | 52.3 ± 10.0 | 55.2 ± 9.70 | 53.8 ± 12.7 | 48.8 ± 7.63 | 3.89* | a> c |
| Negative mood/physical symptoms | 51.6 ± 10.1 | 54.4 ± 10.7 | 53.3 ± 10.3 | 48.2 ± 8.79 | 3.46* | a> c |
| Negative self-esteem | 52.3 ± 9.98 | 54.7 ± 9.56 | 53.4 ± 14.3 | 49.6 ± 6.76 | 2.31 | – |
| Functional problems | 54.9 ± 11.8 | 57.3 ± 13.3 | 54.7 ± 13.9 | 52.8 ± 8.80 | 1.2 | – |
| Ineffectiveness | 54.3 ± 11.0 | 55.7 ± 12.4 | 54.2 ± 13.2 | 53.0 ± 8.29 | 0.49 | – |
| Interpersonal problems | 52.6 ± 13.5 | 56.1 ± 15.3 | 52.1 ± 14.5 | 49.7 ± 10.4 | 1.94 | – |
| Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders | ||||||
| Total | 26.4 ± 12.8 | 25.7 ± 11.7 | 29.6 ± 15.6 | 25.2 ± 12.1 | 0.74 | – |
| Panic disorder/significant somatic symptoms | 5.10 ± 4.44 | 4.74 ± 4.22 | 6.44 ± 5.44 | 4.62 ± 4.02 | 1.13 | – |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 5.82 ± 3.80 | 6.10 ± 3.25 | 6.56 ± 4.66 | 5.18 ± 3.79 | 0.91 | – |
| Separation anxiety disorder | 7.02 ± 3.21 | 6.42 ± 2.86 | 7.94 ± 3.35 | 7.09 ± 3.41 | 1.31 | – |
| Social anxiety disorder | 7.05 ± 3.36 | 7.19 ± 3.34 | 6.56 ± 3.90 | 7.18 ± 3.14 | 0.24 | – |
| Significant school avoidance | 1.40 ± 1.62 | 1.29 ± 1.76 | 2.06 ± 1.80 | 1.15 ± 1.33 | 2 | – |
| Piers-Harris 2 | ||||||
| Behavioral adjustment | 51.8 ± 8.87 | 51.0 ± 7.79 | 49.4 ± 11.3 | 53.7 ± 8.23 | 1.56 | – |
| Intellectual and school status | 50.2 ± 8.69 | 48.8 ± 10.6 | 49.6 ± 7.55 | 51.7 ± 7.14 | 0.95 | – |
| Freedom from anxiety | 48.6 ± 9.01 | 45.6 ± 8.92 | 47.7 ± 10.5 | 51.9 ± 7.24 | 4.47* | c > a |
| Happiness and satisfaction | 52.1 ± 9.03 | 49.8 ± 9.31 | 49.9 ± 11.8 | 55.3 ± 5.79 | 3.97* | c > a |
The letters in the post hoc column used for illustrating significant differences refer to the letters (a), (b), and (c) in the middle three columns
*
p < 0.05
** p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001