Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 2.
Published in final edited form as: Policy Polit Nurs Pract. 2014 Aug 13;15(0):72–80. doi: 10.1177/1527154414546868

Table 4.

Odds Ratios Indicating the Effect of Wage, Work Environment, and Staffing on Individual Nurse Outcomes.

Adjusted ORs [95% CI]
Unadjusted
ORs [95% CI]		 PES-NWI
 Magnet Hospital
Without wage With wage Without wage With wage
Job dissatisfaction
 Wage 0.81 [0.77, 0.86]*** – 0.91 [0.86, 0.96]*** – 0.91 [0.84, 0.99]*
 Work environment 0.66 [0.64, 0.69]*** 0.70 [0.67, 0.72]*** 0.70 [0.67, 0.72]*** – –
 Magnet status 0.82 [0.71, 0.94]** – – 0.82 [0.72, 0.94]** 0.82 [0.72, 0.94]**
 Staffinga 0.78 [0.75, 0.82]*** 0.90 [0.86, 0.95]*** 0.91 [0.86, 0.95]*** 0.84 [0.79, 0.90]*** 0.84 [0.79, 0.90]***
Burnout
 Wage 0.88 [0.84, 0.92]*** – 0.96 [0.91, 1.02] – 0.97 [0.90, 1.04]
 Work environment 0.77 [0.74, 0.79]*** 0.78 [0.75, 0.81]*** 0.77 [0.75, 0.81]*** – –
 Magnet status 0.90 [0.80, 1.00] – – 0.87 [0.78, 0.97]* 0.87 [0.78, 0.97]*
 Staffinga 0.86 [0.82, 0.89]*** 0.92 [0.87, 0.96]** 0.92 [0.88, 0.96]** 0.87 [0.83, 0.92]*** 0.87 [0.83, 0.92]***
Intent to leave
 Wage 0.89 [0.84, 0.94]*** – 0.89 [0.82, 0.97]** – 0.90 [0.81, 0.99]*
 Work environment 0.75 [0.71, 0.80]*** 0.72 [0.68, 0.76]*** 0.72 [0.68, 0.76]*** – –
 Magnet status 0.81 [0.70, 0.94]*** – – 0.84 [0.73, 0.97]* 0.84 [0.73, 0.97]*
 Staffinga 0.94 [0.89, 0.99]* 0.93 [0.86, 0.99]* 0.93 [0.87, 1.00] 0.87 [0.80, 0.94]*** 0.86 [0.80, 0.94]***

Note. PES-NWI=Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index; OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval. For interpretability, we report standardized coefficients. Unadjusted estimates are based on models evaluating the effect of a predictor variable, separately, without accounting for any other covariates. Adjusted models account for nurse gender, education level, unit type, years of experience, and hospital characteristics including market competition with the Herfindahl–Hirschman index, teaching status, number of beds, technology level, ownership, state, and urban–rural location.

a

To interpret coefficients in a similar direction, the standardized staffing variable is based on the reciprocal of the patient-to-nurse ratio.

*

p <.05.

**

p<.01.

***

p<.001.