Figure 8.

CTS inhibits oxidative stress in HUVECs. HUVECs were pre‐incubated with CTS (2.5–10 μM) for 3 h and then exposed to oxLDL (80 μg mL⁻¹) for 2 h. ROS generation was monitored by DHE staining (A) and quantification of superoxide production is shown (B). Western blot analyses and quantification of NOX4 protein expression in HUVECs pretreated with CTS for 3 h followed by 80 μg mL⁻¹ oxLDL for 24 h (C). n = 6. ^### P < 0.001 compared with untreated control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with oxLDL‐treated group respectively.