Table 1. Patient characteristics by AKI status on the first day of enrollment into the study.
| Characteristic | All cases (n = 206) | Leptospirosis cases (n = 113, 54.9%) | Non-leptospirosis cases (n = 93, 45.1%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKI (n = 55, 26.7%) | Non-AKI (n = 151) | P-value | AKI (n = 42, 37.1%) | Non-AKI (n = 71) | p-value | AKI (n = 13, 14.0%) | Non-AKI (n = 80) | p-value | |
| Gender, Male (%) | 44(81.5) | 119(78.3) | 0.70 | 35(85.4) | 59(81.9) | 0.80 | 9(69.2) | 60(75.0) | 0.74 |
| Fever day, days | 4.5(2.1) | 3.9(2.4) | 0.08 | 4.7(2.2) | 3.8(2.6) | 0.21 | 3.6(1.6) | 3.94(2.3) | 0.65 |
| Age, years | 46.3(17.1) | 41.6(14.8) | 0.06 | 43.0(12.9) | 36.6(11.1) | 0.17 | 46.1(22.6) | 35.3(16.2) | 0.28 |
| Body temperature, °c | 37.1(2.2) | 38.4(1.1) | 0.001 | 37.4(1.1) | 38.0(1.1) | 0.07 | 36.3(4.0) | 38.78(1.1) | 0.003 |
| SBP, mmHg | 107.8(21.2) | 111.7(20.0) | 0.30 | 109.1(22.9) | 110.2(18.6) | 0.89 | 104.1(16.2) | 114.9(21.9) | 0.06 |
| DBP, mmHg | 64.6(15.0) | 68.9(12.9) | 0.06 | 65.4(15.2) | 68.8(13.2) | 0.35 | 62.3(14.9) | 69.5(13.1) | 0.039 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 5.0(1.9) | 1.0(0.3) | 0.009 | 5.1(2.2) | 1.0(0.6) | <0.001 | 4.1(3.5) | 0.9(0.4) | <0.001 |
| WBC x 103/uL | 12.7(10.6) | 7.9(4.9) | <0.001 | 13.3(9.8) | 7.9(8.1) | 0.002 | 9.3(10.6) | 7.7(5.1) | 0.10 |
| Hgb, g/dL | 11.3(2.9) | 12.4(3.4) | <0.001 | 11.0(1.9) | 11.6(2.8) | 0.019 | 13.2(3.2) | 12.2(2.0) | 0.56 |
| Platelet x 103/uL | 88.6(85.5) | 166.8(114.0) | 0.001 | 39.0(91.0) | 150.5(90.3) | <0.001 | 68.5(109.0) | 139.0(117.3) | 0.002 |
| TB, mg/dL | 4.0(6.9) | 1.2(2.9) | <0.001 | 4.3(13.1) | 1.2(3.7) | 0.007 | 3.9(4.4) | 1.3(1.5) | 0.04 |
| DB, mg/dL | 2.3(4.9) | 0.3(1.3) | <0.001 | 2.3(5.5) | 0.3(1.4) | <0.001 | 2.0(3.1) | 0.5(0.7) | 0.007 |
| SGOT, u/L | 61(124) | 49(71) | <0.001 | 58(75) | 49(81) | 0.037 | 544(2770) | 47(85) | 0.03 |
| SGPT, u/L | 64(87) | 46(70) | 0.009 | 61(80) | 46(80) | 0.05 | 209(5393) | 44(83) | 0.09 |
| Na, mEq/L | 133.0(8) | 135.0(7) | 0.023 | 134.8(4.4) | 134.5(4.1) | 0.61 | 134.5(5.8) | 128.6(28.7) | 0.51 |
| K, mEq/L | 4.0(1.1) | 3.5(0.5) | 0.56 | 3.8(0.5) | 3.6(0.6) | 0.28 | 4.6(1.9) | 3.36(0.5) | 0.09 |
| HCO3 −, mEq/L | 19.0(4.4) | 22.1(7.0) | 0.06 | 19.8(4.3) | 22.0(7.5) | 0.28 | 16.5(4.0) | 21.9(6.6) | 0.001 |
| RRT (%) | 16(29) | 0 | 10(24) | 0 | 6(46) | 0 | |||
SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, WBC: white blood cell, Hgb: hemoglobin, TB: total bilirubin, DB: direct bilirubin, SGOT: Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, SGPT: Serum Glutamic, Pyruvic Transaminase, HCO3 −: bicarbonate
Values in the table is mean (s.d.) for Fever day, Age, Body temperature, SBP, DBP, Hgb, Na, K, HCO3; median (IQR) for Creatinine, WBC, Platelet, TB, DB, SGOT, SGPT and count (%) for Gender, and RRT, RRT: renal replacement therapy.