Table 1. Demographic and Baseline Characteristics.
| Variable | No diabetes | Diabetes | Statistical test (df), p |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 653 | 28 | |
| Study, n (%) | X2(2) = 2.45, .29 | ||
| Petry et al. (2012) Positive study | 104 (15.9) | 5 (17.9) | |
| Petry et al. (2012) Negative study | 316 (48.4) | 17 (60.7) | |
| Petry et al. (2011) Group study | 233 (35.7) | 6 (21.4) | |
| Treatment group, n (%) | X2(1) = .00, .95 | ||
| Contingency management | 400 (61.3) | 17 (60.7) | |
| Standard care | 253 (38.7) | 11 (39.3) | |
| Race, n (%) | X2(2) = .28, .87 | ||
| African American | 280 (42.9) | 13 (36.4) | |
| Caucasian | 282 (43.2) | 12 (42.9) | |
| Other | 91 (13.9) | 3 (10.7) | |
| Male gender, n (%) | 318 (48.7) | 15 (53.6) | X2(1) = .26, .61 |
| Age* | 36.8 (9.6) | 43.8 (11.4) | t (679) = -3.70, <.001 |
| Years of education | 12.2 (2.1) | 11.5 (2.3) | t (678) = 1.53, .13 |
| Employment status, n (%) | X2(2) = 4.80, .09 | ||
| Full Time | 255 (39.1) | 6 (21.4) | |
| Part Time | 151 (23.1) | 6 (21.4) | |
| Unemployed/other | 247 (37.8) | 16 (57.1) | |
| Income | $9,140 (15,703) | $6,714 (12,269) | t (676) = .81, .42 |
| Baseline sample positive for alcohol, cocaine, or opiods, n (%) | 153 (23.4) | 8 (28.6) | X2(1) = .39, .53 |
| DSM-IV Cocaine use disorder, n (%) | 579 (88.7) | 27 (96.4) | X2(1) = 1.65, .20 |
| DSM-IV Opioid use disorder, n (%) | 235 (36.0) | 8 (28.6) | X2(1) = .64, .42 |
| DSM-IV Alcohol use disorder, n (%) | 432 (66.2) | 14 (50.0) | X2(1) = 3.10, .08 |
| Addiction Severity Index scores | |||
| Medical* | .26 (.36) | .42 (.44) | t (679) = -2.26, .02 |
| Employment | .73 (.27) | .81 (.26) | t (679) = -1.51, .13 |
| Alcohol | .22 (.25) | .18 (.26) | t (679) = .81, .42 |
| Drug use | .16 (.10) | .19 (.10) | t (678) = -1.33, .19 |
| Legal | .13 (.21) | .07 (.18) | t (677) = 1.40, .16 |
| Family/social | .17 (.21) | .15 (.20) | t (676) = .65, .53 |
| Psychological | .29 (.24) | .31 (.23) | t (675) = -.50, .62 |
Note. Values represent means and standard deviations unless otherwise indicated; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, revision IV;
*
Significant between group difference, p < .05.